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Echoes of the Americas: Discovery, Tribes, and Settlers 1492-1650

Explore the fascinating period of discovery and settlement in the Americas from 1492 to 1650. Discover the journey of tribes, the clash of cultures, and the struggles of early settlers as three worlds collide in the New World.

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Echoes of the Americas: Discovery, Tribes, and Settlers 1492-1650

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  1. Discovery and Settlement of the New World, 1492-1650

  2. In the dark of the night…America today

  3. In the beginning… • No human beings in the Americas until 15,000 BC • First humans crossed over land-bridge (Bering Strait) • Diffused southward all the way to Cape Horn • Sparse pop. leads to lack of large-scale societies

  4. Tide of Migration

  5. Diversity of Tribes • Depended on environmental features • We classify tribes according to where they lived

  6. Woodlands Native Americans

  7. Plains Native Americans

  8. Southwest Native Americans

  9. Great Societies of the South • Aztecs • Incas • Mayas These societies developed because pop. accumulated in one place, this never happened in North America

  10. European Exploration Fueled by: New stronger nations Seeking Wealth Nationalist Competition Empire building Religion

  11. 3 G’s of Motivation GOLD!!!GLORY!!!GOD!!!

  12. Early Leaders • Portugal • Prince Henry the Navigator explores coast of Africa • Dias and da Gama round Africa • Spain • Columbus seeks western route • Pope declares Line of Demarcation in New World

  13. Line of Demarcation

  14. Immediate Effects • By 1550, Spain had claimed much of the interior of NA and almost all of SA • Used native pop. as slave labor • Up to 95% of native pop. dies due to smallpox • Conquistadors • Cortes • Pizzaro • De Soto

  15. Early English Exploration • Northwest passage to the Orient • Not much progress for 100 years • Charter Companies form • Mercantilism takes hold • Success of state important, not citizens • Import wealth from overseas

  16. Jamestown • After Roanoke disaster, Jamestown established 1607 • Jamestown meets disaster repeatedly in first years • Order restored through discipline • Rolfe kick-starts tobacco industry, colony grows

  17. Jamestown

  18. William Bradford’s Landing

  19. New England • Bradford & the Puritans settle at Plymouth • Mass. Bay Co. follows and settles over present day MA and NH • Boston becomes capital of colony • Co. becomes a gov’t • Winthrop: “city upon a hill”

  20. Native American Population in North America

  21. North America • No cities to loot or large pop. to convert, Spain focuses on SA (Catholic tradition • Other European nations fill the void in NA (typically Protestant • Dutch, French, and English make claims

  22. Map of New World

  23. Map of New World

  24. Outcomes of Early Settlement • Little profit for investors • Miserable existences for inhabitants • Conflict over land claims with natives

  25. Three Worlds Collide • Eastern NA suddenly find themselves besieged by Europeans • Europeans get “room to grow” • Africans used as human capital by Europeans

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