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Conditions that led to the Constitution. Shays’ Rebellion Economic Problems Trade Tariffs Currency National Debt Diplomatic Issues. Road to the Constitution. Annapolis Convention, 1786 Constitutional Convention 1787 Issues Representation Slavery Ratification Federalists
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Conditions that led to the Constitution Shays’ Rebellion Economic Problems Trade Tariffs Currency National Debt Diplomatic Issues
Road to the Constitution Annapolis Convention, 1786 Constitutional Convention 1787 Issues Representation Slavery Ratification Federalists Anti-Federalists Bill of Rights
Articles of Confederation (1781-1789) --Decentralized --Strong state government/weak federal government --No taxing power --No judiciary --No regulation of trade --Amended unanimously --Nine states required to approve important measures --No executive U. S. Constitution (1789-) --Where does authority lay? --How are powers “balanced?” --What lessons from American past are incorporated into it? --What are “undemocratic” elements? --How “republican” is it? --What powers are “delegated” to government by states? --What powers remain for the states? Designing a New Nation
Alexander Hamilton/Loose Construction --”Necessary and Proper Clause” --Power to central government --Economic diversification --Tariffs --Funding --English model Thomas Jefferson/Strict Construction --10th Amendment --Many powers reserved to states --Agrarian future --Free trade --Western lands --French loyalty Politics in the New Republic
Additional Issues: French Revolution Jay’s Treaty Quasi-War with France Alien and Sedition Acts “Revolution” of 1800 Removal of Federalist Officers Louisiana Purchase
Federalists (1790s-1810s) Jeffersonian Republicans (1790s-1810s National/Democratic Republicans (1810s-1820s) Whigs (1820s-1850s) Jacksonian Democrats (1820s-1850s) Know Nothings/Southern Democrats/Northern Democrats (1850s) Republicans (1856-Present) Democrats (1860s-Present)