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Ethnic Conflict in Africa: Understanding & Overcoming Divisions

Explore the complex dynamics of ethnic conflict in Africa, uncovering both historical tensions and potential solutions for unity despite diversity. Learn how ethnic loyalty is manipulated for political gain and discover initiatives promoting national over tribal identities. Gain insights into the impact of colonial borders and the importance of fostering cross-ethnic interactions and inclusivity. Dive into case studies from Ghana, highlighting strategies for conflict prevention and resolution. Uncover the role of youth, education, and sports in bridging divides and building a cohesive society. Navigate the debate on whether ethnic identity or political manipulation drives violence, and find hope in transformative approaches towards peace and unity in Africa.

josephsthomas
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Ethnic Conflict in Africa: Understanding & Overcoming Divisions

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  1. “It’s Our Turn to Eat” Ethnic Conflict & Cooperation in Africa Images: http://kwekudee-tripdownmemorylane.blogspot.com/ ; https://farm5.staticflickr.com/4017/4524786775_57b02da9a6.jpg; https://s-media-cache-ak0.pinimg.com/236x/6b/a7/d9/6ba7d9a2b4219d11b8febdf08b3995b5.jpg

  2. In many countries – even in a democracy – when someone from a DIFFERENT ethnic group is in power, you are discriminated against. Butwhen the country elects a leader from YOUR ethnic group, it’s your turn to get special privileges. In Kenya, the saying is In Nigeria, the saying is It’s our turn to eat! It’s our time to chop! But it means the same thing: It’s our turn to get special privileges. https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Nigeria_in_Africa_(-mini_map_-rivers).svg/635px-Nigeria_in_Africa_(-mini_map_-rivers).svg.png

  3. Idi Amin’s rule, Uganda 1971-1979 Biafran War, Nigeria 1967-1970 http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-WIHRYYbeIdo/VQ6x_7HRh8I/AAAAAAAAAis/tKzXIjspH5I/s1600/Genocity.jpg Burundi civil war 1993 to 2005 Rwanda genocide 1994 https://politicalviolenceataglance.files.wordpress.com/2014/10/3403032782_8a37998979_o.jpg https://postcardjunky.files.wordpress.com/2010/01/burundi.jpg

  4. attacks on ethnic groups after election, Kenya 2007-2008 Boko Haram terrorism, Nigeria 2002-present http://blogs.reuters.com/world-wrap/files/2012/02/Kenya-violence.jpg http://www.tvcnews.tv/sites/default/files/styles/node-detail/public/field/image/boko-haram_10.jpg eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo 1996-present South Sudan civil war 2013-present http://news.unabg.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/04/20140426_MAP001_0.jpg http://northsouthnews.com/images/thumbnails/images/stories/africa/m23-rebels-400x225.jpg

  5. Ethnic conflicts are nothing new to Africa. https://pslarson2.files.wordpress.com/2011/01/conflictsbystatet.png

  6. COMMON VIEW: Ethnic conflict is the main cause of Africa’s violence and wars.

  7. In the rush for natural resources (and therefore colonies), the Europeans divided Africa among themselves. http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-sHgndcayIh8/UAbXGnfG6eI/AAAAAAAADng/oUAzFPp5u8c/s1600/cartoon.jpg

  8. Europe was not particularly interested in the tribal and ethnic territory borders. The just wanted to avoid war between competing European countries. http://www.matthewvandyke.com/blog/mali-sudan-ethnic-conflict-north-africa/

  9. They ended up drawing borders that split up some tribes into different countries. Other borders threw together tribes that may not have even gotten along. http://www.theigc.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/stelios-fig1.png

  10. People still have strong loyalty to their tribes (ethnic groups) instead of strong loyalty to their country. ACCORDING TO THIS VIEW: It’s no surprise that there are so many civil wars in African countries.

  11. ANOTHER VIEW: Ethnic identify is not what causes violence and war in Africa. HOWEVER, politicians use ethnic loyalty and fears to manipulate people and to get more power over them.

  12. ACCORDING TO THIS VIEW: Countries need to set up structures that make the nation more important than the ethnic group. Examples from Ghana A strong court system (so political leaders can’t unfairly punish or reward people of different ethnic groups) Private organizations that cross ethnic groups (business organizations, sports clubs, art groups, religious groups) http://streamafrica.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/07/ghana_map.jpg

  13. Ghana has a Commission for Human Rights. People who feel discriminated against by the government can report the problem. The Commission investigates it. People from different ethnic groups are on the Commission. Religious groups, schools, and private organizations give workshops around the country explaining how to report problems to the Commission.

  14. Elections are common times of conflict, soan independent commission needs to “watchdog” the election process to be sure it’s fair, ANDvoting districts should NOT be divided by ethnic group. In other words, voting districts should be mixed ethnic groups. That way, politicians are forced to try and get all different groups to vote for them. They can’t just make promises to their own ethnic group. http://www.brand-leadership.com/Content/Slides/NDC-01a.jpg

  15.  Youth are often the targets of ethnic manipulation, and they can be taught to recognize it through schools, churches, media. National sports teams can also be a great unifier, and not just for the youth. http://static1.demotix.com/sites/default/files/imagecache/a_scale_large/300-6/photos/1278030855-fans-who-are-supporting-ghana-at-the-world-cup-2010_373746.jpg http://orig10.deviantart.net/7171/f/2007/092/2/4/ghana_unity_by_truthdondie.jpg

  16. COMMON VIEW: Ethnic conflict is the main cause of Africa’s violence and wars. ANOTHER VIEW: Ethnic identify is not what causes violence and war in Africa. HOWEVER, politicians use ethnic loyalty and fears to manipulate people and to get more power over them. http://paradigmateam.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/06/Man-With-Question-04.png

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