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Oral Feedback in Classroom SLA. By Roy Lyster and Kazuya Saito. The Study. Meta-analysis of 15 published studies on corrective feedback. Classroom-based studies only (as opposed to lab-based) Factor for consideration: Types of corrective feedback Outcome measures Instructional setting
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Oral Feedback in Classroom SLA By Roy Lyster and Kazuya Saito
The Study • Meta-analysis of 15 published studies on corrective feedback. • Classroom-based studies only (as opposed to lab-based) • Factor for consideration: • Types of corrective feedback • Outcome measures • Instructional setting • Treatment length • Learner age
Types of Corrective Feedback • Prompts can includemetalinguistic clues, clarifications requests, repetition
Types of Corrective Feedback PROMPTS REFORMULATIONS
Outcome Measures • 4 different types:
Durability • Measure of the effectiveness of corrective feedback from immediate to delayed posttests (outcome measures) • Immediate = within 1 week • Delayed = after 2 weeks and up to 6 weeks
Length of Treatment • Brief treatments = less than 1 hr • Short treatments = 1-2 hrs • Medium treatments = 3-6 hrs • Long treatments = 7+ hrs
Age Factors • Child learners – Elementary (10-12 yrs old) • Young adult learners – End of high school/college (17-20 yrs old) • Adult learners- language school/community college (ESL) (~23 yrs old) • Knowledge going into the study: • older students: higher expectations for and encouraged to take more risks • Younger students: given more structure so less opportunity for mistakes.
Take away • Corrective Feedback has a significant impact on student learning • Prompting is the most effective feedback • Free constructed-response are the most effective assessment • Corrective feedback has more impact on younger learners • The study was limited so all information should be interpreted with caution, however, the findings are sufficient for use in a classroom and to guide future studies.