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Adrenergic Agonists TUTORIAL. Question 1. For each of the following catecholamines give a short a commentary on their cardiovascular effects after I.V. infusion in humans at therapeutic doses: Norepinephrine Epinephrine Isoprenaline In your comment, state:
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Question 1 • For each of the following catecholamines give a short a commentary on their cardiovascular effects after I.V. infusion in humans at therapeutic doses: • Norepinephrine • Epinephrine • Isoprenaline In your comment, state: • Mechanisms of CVS changes as regards sBP, dBP,HR ,and total peripheral resistance. • Effect of pretreatment with an α-blocker in each case.
Question 2 • What are the advantages of the use of Dopamine instead of Norepinephrine in treatment of shock
Question 3 • Both α-1 receptor stimulation and β-2 receptor blockade lower IOP. comment
Question4 • Give two examples for: • Selective α-1- agonists • Selective α-2- agonists • Selective β-1- agonists • Selective β-2- agonists For each of the previous classes, mention two therapeutic uses
Case history A 6-year- old boy with a history of a mild hay fever, which was treated successfully with OTC medications, had an anaphylactic reaction as a result of a bee sting. In this emergency ,epinephrine 0.3 mg in sterile water was ordered , to be given S.C. By error ,however ,it was given I.V. by a young attending nurse in the E.R.. It resulted in dangerously high blood pressure (180/125 mmHg) and heart rate (125 bpm). The boy was clearly distressed, tense , and frightened. He had fine tremor of the hands, cold clammy skin, and appeared to have a respiratory difficulty.
Questions • Discuss the significance of use of Epinephrine as a drug of choice in anaphylactic shock. • Would Norepinephrine be a suitable choice for the management of anaphylaxis? • Suggest suitable corrective measures to control this crisis