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Jews in the European Nation-State. By: Peter Catlin and Kyle Earnest. Anti-Semitism. Anti- Semitism- Antipathy for and prejudice against Jewish people From the Middle Ages to near the end of the 19 th century, Jews have been alienated and their rights have been restricted.
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Jews in the European Nation-State By: Peter Catlin and Kyle Earnest
Anti-Semitism • Anti- Semitism- Antipathy for and prejudice against Jewish people • From the Middle Ages to near the end of the 19th century, Jews have been alienated and their rights have been restricted. • Physically alienated by being put into ghettos • Jews have been portrayed as the murders of Jesus • Revival of Racism from Nationalism
Anti-Semitism • In Austria, the most powerful anti-Semitism existed in Vienna and was led by Karl Lueger. • Adolf Hitler found his anti-Semitic worldview while in Vienna • Germany also had right-wing anti Semitic groups who spoke out against Jews
Jewish Emancipation • The French revolutionary decrees of 1790 and 1791 emancipated the Jews • This gave them full citizenship • Jews were liberated from ghetto • This made their life much more fulfilling and gave them more self worth
Persecution of Jews • In Eastern Europe, some of the worst treatment of Jews occurred. • Jews were admitted to secondary schools • Jews were also forced to live in specified regions of the country
The Zionist Movement • Many Jews did not want to assimilate with the rest of European • Palestine was targeted as a settlement for Jews to migrate to and colonize • They targeted this land because it had a large amount of their religious history
Pogroms • The term “Pogrom” is Russian for “to wreak havoc” • Pogroms were organized attacks against minority groups (Jews in particular) • They would lead night raids where they would attack and kill people they felt were undesirable
Conclusion • In conclusion, Jews were heavily persecuted in the European Nation-State • However, they were given some opportunities to better themselves through Jewish Emancipation and the Zionist Movement
Works Cited • Grossman, Max. "Grossman Project." Grossman Project. N.p., 04 15 2003. Web. 12 Apr 2012. <http://grossmanproject.net/pogroms.htm>. • Ury, Scott. "Yivo Institute." . Tale University Press, 10 15 2005. Web. 12 Apr 2012. <http://www.yivoinstitute.org/pdf/zionism.pdf>.