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Chapter 17 Section 1 What is Weather?

Chapter 17 Section 1 What is Weather?. the state of the atmosphere at a specific time and place describes air pressure, wind, temperature, and moisture in air. 1. What is weather?. 2. How is heat given out on Earth?. - air and water currents. 3. What do heat and Earth’s air and water cause?.

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Chapter 17 Section 1 What is Weather?

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  1. Chapter 17 Section 1 What is Weather?

  2. the state of the atmosphere at a specific time and place • describes air pressure, wind, temperature, and moisture in air 1. What is weather? 2. How is heat given out on Earth? - air and water currents 3. What do heat and Earth’s air and water cause? • weather • sun is energy that makes wind and moves weather

  3. a measure of the average amount of motion of molecules • air moving quickly = warm • air moving slowly = cold 4. What is temperature? 5. What is wind? • air moving in a specific direction • results from air moving from high pressure (cool) to low pressure (warm) • wind vane- arrow points in direction of wind • wind sock- sock points toward blowing wind • anemometer- measures speed with rotating cups 6. How are wind speed and direction measured?

  4. 7. What is humidity? - amount of water vapor present in the air 8. Why can more water vapor be present in warm air than in cold air? • warm air- molecules move fast and water molecules can’t come together • cold air- molecules move slow, for liquid water and air is saturated 9. What is relative humidity? - measure of amount of water vapor present in the air compared to the amount needed for saturation at a specific temperature

  5. temperature at which air is saturated and condensation forms • changes with amount of water vapor in the air 10. What is dew point? pg. 473 Applying Math- Dew Point 11. How do clouds form? • by warm moist air being forced upward, expanding, and cooling • water vapor condenses into tiny droplets and remain hanging in the air

  6. 12. How are clouds classified? • by shape and height • vary with temperature, pressure, and amount of water vapor in the atmosphere 13. What are the 3 main cloud types? • stratus • cumulus • cirrus 14. Describe stratus clouds. • layers, smooth even sheets • form at low altitudes • fair weather, rain, or snow

  7. a stratus cloud • formed when air is cooled to its dew point near the ground 15. What is fog? • puffy, often with flat bases • very high • fair weather or thunderstorms 16. Describe cumulus clouds. 17. Describe cirrus clouds. • fibrous or curly • high, thin, feathery • made of ice crystals • fair weather, can indicate approaching storms

  8. describe height of cloud base • cirro = high • alto = middle • strato= low 18. What do the cloud prefixes mean? • “dark rain cloud” • added to other names • ex. cumulonimbus= thunderstorm 19. What does nimbus mean? 20. What is precipitation? - water falling from clouds

  9. 21. What factors affect the size of raindrops? • strong updrafts in a cloud = large drops • rate of evaporation = dry, may never reach Earth 22. What are the 4 main types of precipitation? • rain - sleet • snow - hail

  10. air temperature • rain = temperatures above freezing • snow= water vapor changes directly to a solid • sleet= rain passes through a layer of freezing air near Earth’s surface 23. What determines the type of precipitation? 24. What is hail? • lumps of ice • forms in cumulonimbus clouds • water freezes in layers around nucleus of ice • usually smaller than 2.5 cm, can be size of softballs

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