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Coupling of high-resolution meteorological and wave models over the Gulf of Thailand

The Fourth Session of the Joint WMO-IOC Technical Commission for Oceanography and Marine Meteorology (JCOMM-4), . Coupling of high-resolution meteorological and wave models over the Gulf of Thailand. Presented by Dr.Wattana Kanbua Director, Marine Meteorological Center

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Coupling of high-resolution meteorological and wave models over the Gulf of Thailand

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  1. The Fourth Session of the Joint WMO-IOC Technical Commission for Oceanography and Marine Meteorology (JCOMM-4), Coupling of high-resolution meteorological and wave models over the Gulf of Thailand Presented by Dr.WattanaKanbua Director, Marine Meteorological Center Thai Meteorological Department To be held on 23-25 May, 2012 at EXPO2012 Yeosu Korea.

  2. The Fourth Session of the Joint WMO-IOC Technical Commission for Oceanography and Marine Meteorology (JCOMM-4), Outline • Introduction • WAM Model • WIND Models • Results • Conclusions To be held on 23-31 May, 2012 at EXPO2012 Yeosu Korea.

  3. The Fourth Session of the Joint WMO-IOC Technical Commission for Oceanography and Marine Meteorology (JCOMM-4), Introduction • Third Regional Workshop on Storm Surge and Wave Forecasting - A Hands on Forecast Training Laboratory, Beijing, China, 25-29 July 2005. • Fourth Regional Workshop on Storm Surge and Wave Forecasting - A Hands on Forecast Training Laboratory, Manila, Philippines,11 - 15 September 2006. • Jamboree-II (Combined Modeling and Data Management Training Workshop), Held at IODE, Oostende, Belgium, 8-14 October 2006. • Jamboree-III (MetOceanModellingWorkshop), Held at IODE, Oostende, Belgium, 19-23 October 2009. Dr. Johannes GUDDAL http://www.wamwatt.tmd.go.th To be held on 23-31 May, 2012 at EXPO2012 Yeosu Korea.

  4. The Fourth Session of the Joint WMO-IOC Technical Commission for Oceanography and Marine Meteorology (JCOMM-4), Introduction • Thailand has located in tropical zone and The change of weather in Thailand has been influenced by the monsoon. • The north-east monsoon winds has blown from the north-east it travels across the Gulf of Thailand, This usually means that along the eastern coastline of southern part of Thailand and offshore islands can receive significant rainfall and huge waves between November and January. • There was severely eroded by strong wind and huge waves. Hence, the destructive force from the wind and sea waves is diminished. • There was coincidence when a cyclone had occurred in the Indian Ocean. The wind system induced a northeast monsoon winds which was stronger than normal. It caused high waves hit hundreds of houses in southern provinces. • Waves estimated at nearly four-metre struck the southern provinces of PrachuapKhiri Khan, Chumpon and SuratThani, prompting residents to evacuate. Some people panicked, as such an incident has not happened in half a century. An initial survey found three houses destroyed by giant waves. Other houses are under water during 25 – 28 December 2011. To be held on 23-31 May, 2012 at EXPO2012 Yeosu Korea.

  5. The Fourth Session of the Joint WMO-IOC Technical Commission for Oceanography and Marine Meteorology (JCOMM-4), Introduction • Cyclone-1 THANE had occurred during 25-30 December 2011. It took place at 9.80 N Latitude and 87.70 E Longitude on 25 December 2011 at 18UTC, the sustain winds was 35 knots, the status was tropical depression and there was developing and became Cyclone-1 at 12.10 N latitude and 84.80 E Longitude on 28 December 2011 at 06UTC, the sustain winds was 65 knots. It was moving westward go to India. It was weak at 11.70 N Latitude and 79.10 E Longitude on 30 December 2011 at 06UTC, the sustain winds was 40 knots, the status was tropical depression. To be held on 23-31 May, 2012 at EXPO2012 Yeosu Korea.

  6. The Fourth Session of the Joint WMO-IOC Technical Commission for Oceanography and Marine Meteorology (JCOMM-4), WAM Model • It is a third generation wave model that integrates the basic transport equation describing the evolution of a two-dimensional ocean wave spectrum without additional ad hoc assumptions regarding the spectral shape. • The three source functions describing • The wind input • Nonlinear transfer • White-capping dissipation They are prescribed explicitly. To be held on 23-31 May, 2012 at EXPO2012 Yeosu Korea.

  7. The Fourth Session of the Joint WMO-IOC Technical Commission for Oceanography and Marine Meteorology (JCOMM-4), WAM Model • THE ENERGY BALANCE EQUATION To be held on 23-31 May, 2012 at EXPO2012 Yeosu Korea.

  8. The Fourth Session of the Joint WMO-IOC Technical Commission for Oceanography and Marine Meteorology (JCOMM-4), WAM PHYSICS WAM Model • SOURCE TERMS S = Sin + Snl + Sds + Sbottom • WIND INPUT SOURCE TERM Sin • CYCLE 1-3 BASED ON SYNDER (1981) • CYCLE 4 BASED ON JANSSEN (1991) • NON-LINEAR SOURCE TERM Snl • BASED ON HASSELMANN’S THEORIES ON WAVE-WAVE INTERACTIONS • DISSAPATION SOURCE TERM Sds • BASED ON HASSELMANN’S THEORY OF DISSAPATION DUE TO WHITE CAPPING. TUNING TERM • BOTTOM FRICTION SOURCE TERM Sbottom • ONLY APPLIES IN SHALLOW WATER To be held on 23-31 May, 2012 at EXPO2012 Yeosu Korea.

  9. The Fourth Session of the Joint WMO-IOC Technical Commission for Oceanography and Marine Meteorology (JCOMM-4), WAM PHYSICS WAM Model • WAVE PROPAGATION • WAVES ARE PROPAGATED AT THERE GROUP SPEED USING A 1st ORDER UPWINDING SCHEME. • CHARACTERIZED BY HIGH NUMERICAL DIFFUSION • WAVE REFRACTION AND SHOALING To be held on 23-31 May, 2012 at EXPO2012 Yeosu Korea.

  10. The Fourth Session of the Joint WMO-IOC Technical Commission for Oceanography and Marine Meteorology (JCOMM-4), WAM INPUTS WAM Model • WIND INPUT • U10 • U-STAR (FRICTION VELOCITY) • WIND STRESS NOGAPS 1x1 degree WRF 5x5km • TOPOGRAPHY • ETOPO5 (5MIN RESOLUTION) 0.083x0.083 degree 9.2x9.2km To be held on 23-31 May, 2012 at EXPO2012 Yeosu Korea.

  11. The Fourth Session of the Joint WMO-IOC Technical Commission for Oceanography and Marine Meteorology (JCOMM-4), WAM OUTPUT WAM Model • OUTPUT • DIRECTIONAL FREQUENCY SPECTRA • SIGNIFICANT WAVE HEIGHT • PEAK WAVE DIRECTION • PEAK WAVE PERIOD • SEA AND SWELL HEIGHT • WAVE STRESS To be held on 23-31 May, 2012 at EXPO2012 Yeosu Korea.

  12. The Fourth Session of the Joint WMO-IOC Technical Commission for Oceanography and Marine Meteorology (JCOMM-4), WAM Model MODEL SETUP 25 15 90 95 115 105 5 0 COARSE GRID FINE GRID To be held on 23-31 May, 2012 at EXPO2012 Yeosu Korea.

  13. The Fourth Session of the Joint WMO-IOC Technical Commission for Oceanography and Marine Meteorology (JCOMM-4), WAM Model COARSE GRID To be held on 23-31 May, 2012 at EXPO2012 Yeosu Korea.

  14. The Fourth Session of the Joint WMO-IOC Technical Commission for Oceanography and Marine Meteorology (JCOMM-4), WAM Model FINE GRID NOGAPS winds WRF winds 1x1 degree Note: 1 degree = 111 km 5x5 km. To be held on 23-31 May, 2012 at EXPO2012 Yeosu Korea.

  15. The Fourth Session of the Joint WMO-IOC Technical Commission for Oceanography and Marine Meteorology (JCOMM-4), WIND MODELS • NOGAPS IS GLOBAL MODEL. • THE RESOLUTION IS 1X1 DEGREE • DOWNLOAD FROM WEBSITE : http://usgodae.org/pub/outgoing/fnmoc/models/nogaps • WRF IS MESOSCALE MODEL. • THE RESOLUTION IS 5X5 KM • RUN AT MARINE METEOROLOGICAL CENTER BY DOWNLOAD GLOBAL MODEL FROM NCEP AND DOWNSCALING INTO SMALL AREA AS THE GULF OF THAILAND. To be held on 23-31 May, 2012 at EXPO2012 Yeosu Korea.

  16. The Fourth Session of the Joint WMO-IOC Technical Commission for Oceanography and Marine Meteorology (JCOMM-4), NOGAPS DOMAIN Run WAM for Coarse Grid frame To be held on 23-31 May, 2012 at EXPO2012 Yeosu Korea.

  17. The Fourth Session of the Joint WMO-IOC Technical Commission for Oceanography and Marine Meteorology (JCOMM-4), WRF DOMAIN Run WAM for Fine Grid frame To be held on 23-31 May, 2012 at EXPO2012 Yeosu Korea.

  18. The Fourth Session of the Joint WMO-IOC Technical Commission for Oceanography and Marine Meteorology (JCOMM-4), WRF modeling flowchart การผสานข้อมูล ไม่ผ่านขบวนการ ผสานข้อมูล To be held on 23-31 May, 2012 at EXPO2012 Yeosu Korea.

  19. The Fourth Session of the Joint WMO-IOC Technical Commission for Oceanography and Marine Meteorology (JCOMM-4), Computational run WRF Model on Marine Meteorological Center ftp Visualize 192.168.0.2 192.168.0.6 192.168.0.3 v ftp domain 192.168.0.4 192.168.0.1 ftp • Archive output-download GFS data • Visualize wrf output-convert to graphic-convert to others/web โดเมนสำหรับการประมวลผล ftp 192.168.0.5 To be held on 23-31 May, 2012 at EXPO2012 Yeosu Korea.

  20. The Fourth Session of the Joint WMO-IOC Technical Commission for Oceanography and Marine Meteorology (JCOMM-4), VirtualWeather3D To be held on 23-31 May, 2012 at EXPO2012 Yeosu Korea.

  21. The Fourth Session of the Joint WMO-IOC Technical Commission for Oceanography and Marine Meteorology (JCOMM-4), Results NOGAPS-WAM • Winds and waves field are reasonable with extreme event. • The north east monsoon winds which was blowing over the Gulf of Thailand, was abnormal when the tropical depression in Indian Ocean was progress and stronger and became tropical storm. • The spiral band of Cyclone had connected with the monsoon winds, and induced north east monsoon to be strongly. The strong winds had built huge waves hit along the eastern coastline of southern part of Thailand during December 25 - 28, 2011 WRF-WAM To be held on 23-31 May, 2012 at EXPO2012 Yeosu Korea.

  22. The Fourth Session of the Joint WMO-IOC Technical Commission for Oceanography and Marine Meteorology (JCOMM-4), Results WAM-WRF WAM-NOGAPS WAM-WRF WAM-WRF WAM-NOGAPS WAM-NOGAPS WAM-WRF WAM-NOGAPS WAM-WRF WAM-WRF WAM-NOGAPS WAM-NOGAPS To be held on 23-31 May, 2012 at EXPO2012 Yeosu Korea.

  23. The Fourth Session of the Joint WMO-IOC Technical Commission for Oceanography and Marine Meteorology (JCOMM-4), Conclusions • When comparison the results of the WAM which used low resolution winds from NOGAPS as 1x1 degree latitude and longitude and high resolution winds from WRF as 5x5 km. • WAM using wind data from the WRF will produce waves that are more finer than the results of the WAM using wind data from NOGAPS. • High-resolution winds reflected sea state near the coast, more than low-resolution winds, when input to ocean wave model. To be held on 23-31 May, 2012 at EXPO2012 Yeosu Korea.

  24. The Fourth Session of the Joint WMO-IOC Technical Commission for Oceanography and Marine Meteorology (JCOMM-4), Further work Marine Meteorological Disaster Warning System Project HF Radar http://www.oceansky.tmd.go.th To be held on 23-31 May, 2012 at EXPO2012 Yeosu Korea.

  25. The Fourth Session of the Joint WMO-IOC Technical Commission for Oceanography and Marine Meteorology (JCOMM-4), HF radar in Thailand To be held on 23-31 May, 2012 at EXPO2012 Yeosu Korea.

  26. The Fourth Session of the Joint WMO-IOC Technical Commission for Oceanography and Marine Meteorology (JCOMM-4), Acknowledgements • This paper is supported jointly by Thai Meteorological Department, and JCOMM. • Thanks to Dr.SongkranAgsorn and Director – General of Thai Meteorological Department for their encouragement and • Thanks to Dr. David Meldrum for information and suggestion. • Thanks to Korean local staff s for helping and kindness. To be held on 23-31 May, 2012 at EXPO2012 Yeosu Korea.

  27. The Fourth Session of the Joint WMO-IOC Technical Commission for Oceanography and Marine Meteorology (JCOMM-4), Thank you for attention. To be held on 23-31 May, 2012 at EXPO2012 Yeosu Korea.

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