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Energy and Energy Resources

Energy and Energy Resources. What Is Energy (chapter 5 section 1) Energy Conversions ( Chapter 5 sec 2). What is Energy?. Energy is the ability to do work Work occurs when a force is applied to an object in the same direction that the object moves

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Energy and Energy Resources

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  1. Energy and Energy Resources What Is Energy (chapter 5 section 1) Energy Conversions ( Chapter 5 sec 2)

  2. What is Energy? • Energy is the ability to do work • Work occurs when a force is applied to an object in the same direction that the object moves • Energy is transferred from one object to another

  3. Kinetic Energy • Kinetic energy(KE) is the energy of motion • All moving objects have kinetic energy • The amount of kinetic energy that an object has can be calculated by the following formula: • KE= mv2/2 (m = mass v = velocity or speed) • The more mass an object has, the more kinetic energy it has • The faster an object is moving, the more kinetic energy

  4. Potential Energy • Potential energy is the energy that an object has because of its position; it is STORED ENERGY (has the potential to do work) • Gravitational Potential Energy (GPE) • Elastic Potential Energy

  5. Gravitational Potential Energy • Gravitational Potential Energy is energy that is stored due to the gravitational attraction of the Earth on the object • When an object is lifted up off of the ground, a force is applied to lift the object. The energy used to lift the object is stored in the object • GPE is calculated with the formula • GPE = Weight X height • Units = Joules ( newton/meters)

  6. Elastic Potential Energy • Energy stored as a result of the deformation (changing the shape) of an elastic object • Examples: • Stretching a spring • Stretching an elastic band

  7. Mechanical Energy • Mechanical Energy (ME) is the total energy of kinetic(KE)and potential energy (PE) • ME = KE + PE • As KE increases, PE decreases • As KE decreases, PE increases

  8. Kinetic and Potential Energy Video • The Story of Kinetic and Potential Energy

  9. Other Forms of Energy (mostcan exist as potential and kinetic forms) • Thermal energy – the energy that exists due to the kinetic energy of moving atoms that make up the matter

  10. Other Forms of Energy (mostcan exist as potential and kinetic forms) • Chemical energy – the energy that comes from the rearrangement arrangement of atoms • Food energy is a type of chemical energy • Electrical energy – the energy of moving electrons

  11. Other Forms of Energy (most can exist as potential and kinetic forms) • Sound energy – the energy caused by an objects vibration; travels in waves • Must have a medium (matter) to travel • Light (radiant) energy – the energy produced by the vibration of electrically charged particles; exists as a wave and a particle • Does not need a medium to travel; can travel in a vacuum(where the is no matter)

  12. Other Forms of Energy (most can exist as potential and kinetic forms) • Nuclear energy – the energy that comes from changes in the nucleus of an atom • Fusion – the joining of nuclei • Fission – the splitting of nuclei

  13. The Seven Forms of Energy Video Clip

  14. All forms of energy can change (convert) into other forms of energy • Energy conversion is a change from one form of energy to another

  15. Examples of energy conversions • Potential to kinetic • Kinetic to potential

  16. Examples of energy conversions • Food energy(chemical) to mechanical or kinetic energy ( cereal for breakfast used to allow you to move)

  17. Conversions Involving Chemical Energy In Plants

  18. Why Energy Conversions Are Important • Energy conversions are needed for everything we do • Without energy conversions we could not live or do all the things we do • Machines can make work easier by converting energy into the form of energy needed to do the work. • Not all energy conversions are useful for the work that you are trying to do – some is “wasted” energy

  19. Energy and Machines

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