Social Economy Development

1. Social Economy Development Primary industry in China

2. Three key industrial economic sectors • Primary (raw materials) industry • Secondary (goods production) industry • Tertiary (service) industry Allan.G.B.Fisher. The Clash of Progress and Security ， London： Macmillan， 1935.

3. Outline • 1. Introduction • 2. Development of the Primary industry in China • 3.Cases discussion

4. 1. Introduction • Industry involved with extraction and collection of natural resources. • agriculture/farming , • forestry, • grazing, • fishing Grain production bases in china *National Economic Industrial Classification （GB/T4754-2002）

5. Outline • 1. Introduction • 2. Development of the Primary industry in China • 3.Cases discussion

6. Socialist transformation in 1958 Founded in 1949 Reform and opening up in 1978 • State-owned economy Confiscated Left • Private owned economy Purchased • Sino-foreign economy Protected Protected 2. Development of the Primaryindustry in China 2.1 Social economy First stage Secondstage Thirdstage • Foreign economy • Bureaucrat capitalism economy • State-owned economy Landowner owned the land and most farmers had no land. Farmers owned land. People's communes, production brigades and production teams owned land. The household contract responsibility system • State-owned economy Purchased • Private owned economy (weak) • Private owned economy • Foreign economy • Feudalism economy • Individual economy Confiscated • Farmers and handicraftsman • Individual economy • Collective economy • Collective economy

7. 2. Development of the Primaryindustry in China 2.1 First stage: national economic recovery period Land was confiscated from the landowners and allocated to farmers. Horses were allocated to farmers as production tools.

8. 2. Development of the Primaryindustry in China 2.3 Second stage: Great leap forward, Economic adjustment and Cultural revolution Township governments were replaced by people's communes A celebration of the establishment of a people's commune.

9. 2. Development of the Primaryindustry in China 2.3 Second stage: Great leap forward, Economic adjustment and Cultural revolution Lunch time of a people's commune. The kitchen of a people's commune.

10. 2. Development of the Primaryindustry in China 2.3 Second stage: Great leap forward, Economic adjustment and Cultural revolution Children from the kindergarten of a People's commune gave a performance to the people in Old People's Home. Poster of People's communes

11. 2. Development of the Primaryindustry in China 2.4 Third stage: reform and opening 2.4.1 China’s reform started from the countryside Remembrance sculptureof the household contract responsibility system First contractof the household contract responsibility system .

12. 2. Development of the Primaryindustry in China 2.4 Third stage: reform and opening 2.4.1 China’s reform started from the countryside Fig 1. GDP of Primary industry increasing (100 million RMB Yuan) Resource: Statistic data from National Bureau of Statistics of China

13. 2. Development of the Primary industry in China 2.4 Third stage: reform and opening 2.4.1 China’s reform started from the countryside Tab 1. Proportion in China’s GDP Resource: Statistic data from National Bureau of Statistics of China

14. 2. Development of the Primaryindustry in China 2.4 Third stage: reform and opening 2.4.1 China’s reform started from the countryside Fig 2. Sown Areas and output of Grain Crops Resource: Statistic data from National Bureau of Statistics of China

15. 2. Development of the Primaryindustry in China 2.4 Third stage: reform and opening 2.4.2 Employment in primary industry Fig 3. Amount of the employees working in Primary industry (Ten Thousand) Resource: Statistic data from National Bureau of Statistics of China

16. 2. Development of the Primaryindustry in China 2.4 Third stage: reform and opening 2.4.3 Collective ownership of the land The collective(village) own the land and farmers(villagers) obtain land use rights by contract. Can urban residents buy a house on rural collective owned land? No, the rural land use right can be sold only to other villagers of the same village. 2. Can land contractual use rights be subcontracted, exchanged or sold? Can it be mortgaged? It can be subcontracted, exchanged or sold from 2007, but it can not be mortgaged.

17. 2. Development of the Primaryindustry in China 2.4 Third stage: reform and opening 2.4.4 New village construction. • Development of production; • Affluent life; • Civilization; • Tidy and clean village; • Democratic management New village in Shandong. New village in Anhui.

18. 2. Development of the Primaryindustry in China 2.4 Third stage: reform and opening 2.4.4 New village construction. Villagers are voting for the officers of the villagers’ committee.

19. 2. Development of the Primaryindustry in China 2.4 Third stage: reform and opening 2.4.4 Income of Rural Households: Inequality between regions 4937.80 2980.10 5206.76 11668.59 3883.10 12482.94 3531.72 10007.31 3369.34 6906.93 Fig 4 Per Capita Net Income of Rural Households by Region in 2009

20. 2. Development of the Primaryindustry in China 2.4 Third stage: reform and opening 2.4.4 Income of Rural Households : Inequality between rural and urban Fig 5 Per Capita Annual Income comparison