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Chapter 4

Chapter 4 . Force and the Laws of Motion. Force. The cause of an acceleration, or the change in an object’s motion Can cause an object to move, stop, or change direction SI unit for force is the Newton (N) 1 N = a kg x m / sec 2 Mass = amount of matter present

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Chapter 4

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  1. Chapter 4 Force and the Laws of Motion

  2. Force • The cause of an acceleration, or the change in an object’s motion • Can cause an object to move, stop, or change direction • SI unit for force is the Newton (N) • 1 N = a kg x m / sec2 • Mass = amount of matter present • Weight = measure of gravitational attraction ( force due to gravity; 1 lb = 4.45 N)

  3. Free-body Diagrams • Shows all forces as vectors working on one body • Purpose: isolate and identify all forces acting on a body. How to do it: • Draw a simple diagram of the object • Draw and label all vector arrows acting on the object • All arrows must originate at the center of the object • All arrows must be labeled

  4. Newton’s 1st Law • An object at rest remains at rest, an object in motion remains in motion, unless acted on by an external force • Motion will continue at a constant velocity (same speed and direction) • Inertia – tendency of an object to reject acceleration • Amount of inertia is directly related to mass

  5. Newton’s 2nd Law • The acceleration of an object is directly proportional to the net external force acting on the object and inversely proportional to the mass of the object • F = ma

  6. Newton’s 3rd Law • If two bodies interact, the magnitude of the force exerted on an object 1 by object 2 is equal to the magnitude of the force simultaneously exerted on object 2 by object 1, and these two forces an in opposite direction • More commonly known as: every action has an equal but opposite reaction • This law tells us that forces always exist in pairs • Action- reaction pairs

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