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Cyclic hydrocarbons

Cyclic hydrocarbons. Important for proper working order of human body (examples: steroids – testosterone and estrone , cholesterol) Important medicinal uses – ex. Budesonide (asthma treatment). 3. Cholesterol.

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Cyclic hydrocarbons

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  1. Cyclic hydrocarbons

  2. Important for proper working order of human body (examples: steroids – testosterone and estrone, cholesterol) • Important medicinal uses – ex. Budesonide (asthma treatment) 3. Cholesterol

  3. In some hydrocarbons the carbons at the ends of the chain join together to form a ring and are called cyclic hydrocarbons.

  4. Naming Cyclic Hydrocarbons Cycloalkanes are named using the alkane parent with the prefix cyclo. cyclopropane cyclobutane cyclopentane cyclohexane cycloheptane

  5. The general formula for the cycloalkanes is CnH2n. • With what homologous series are cycloalkanes isomeric? • Alkene

  6. Naming Branched Cycloalkanes • If there is only one branch, no number is needed. CH2–CH3 ethylcyclohexane methylcyclopentane

  7. If there are two branches, the # 1 carbon would be the one with substituent listed first in the alphabet. • Number toward the second branch in the direction which yields the lower number for the carbon bearing that second branch. CH3 CH3 CH3 CH3 – CH2 1,1-dimethylcyclopropane 1-ethyl-3-ethylcyclohexane

  8. When more than two branches are resent, each must have the lowest possible position number. CH2–CH3 1-ethyl-5-methyl-3-propylcycloheptane 1-ethyl-4-methyl-6-propylcycloheptane CH3–CH2–CH2 CH3

  9. Naming Cycloalkenes • If double bond is present in the ring structure, you must follow the same rules as for alkenes. • DOUBLE BOND GETS PRIORITY FOR THE LOWEST NUMBER!!! CH3 CH3 CH3 – CH2 3-methyl-1-cyclohexene 5-ethyl-3-methyl-1-cyclohexene

  10. Sample problem 1 Name the following structures c) CH3 CH3 – CH2 1,3-dimethylcyclohexane Ethylcyclopropane 1-ethyl-2-methyl-1-cyclopentene 1-methyl-3-propylcyclohexane

  11. Sample Problem 2 Draw a condensed structural diagram for following compounds: • 1,1-dimethylcyclobutane • ethylcyclopentane • 1-bromo-3-ethylcyclobutane • 3-bromo-1-ethyl-1-cyclobutene

  12. a) b) CH3 CH2–CH3 CH2–CH3 CH3 c) Br Br CH2–CH3 d)

  13. Brainteaser CH3– CH2– CH2 – CH– CH2 – CH2– CH2 – CH2– CH3

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