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Preparation for CST Exam

Preparation for CST Exam. Biomedical Sciences Diagnostic Procedures Surgical Procedures Surgical Anatomy. Biomedical Questions!!!. The Biomedical Sciences Robotics What generation of robots that have been developed work without supervision by a human controller? third generation

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Preparation for CST Exam

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  1. Preparation for CST Exam • Biomedical Sciences • Diagnostic Procedures • Surgical Procedures • Surgical Anatomy

  2. Biomedical Questions!!!

  3. The Biomedical Sciences • Robotics • What generation of robots that have been developed work without supervision by a human controller? • third generation • What term is used to refer to performing surgery with robotic arms at a distance? • telesurgery

  4. What important component of the computer translates the surgeon’s hand movements to the robotic arms? • micromanipulators • A robotic arm with Cartesian geometry refers to what kind of movement? • x, y, and z axes

  5. What is the technical term for robotic arms? • mainipulators • A robot arm that can move in three dimensions is referred to as having: • degrees of rotation

  6. What important component of the computer translates the surgeon’s hand movements to the robotic arms? • micromanipulators • A robotic arm with Cartesian geometry refers to what kind of movement? • x, y, and z axes

  7. The robotic arms’ clockwise and counterclockwise movements around an axis are referred to as: • degrees of rotation • A right and left movement of the robotic arm is called: • yaw

  8. Generally, where on the OR table is the robotic arm positioned for surgeries of the lower abdomen? • top (by the patient’s head) • What is the term that refers to the type of hearing possessed by humans and robots? • binaural hearing

  9. What term refers to the robots ability to differentiate between two objects? • resolution • What term is used to refer to remotely controlled robots? • telechir

  10. What term is used to refer to the rotating movement of the robotic arm? • roll • When performing a laparoscopic cholecystectomy, approximately where should the robotic arm be positioned on the OR table? • patient’s right side; mid-thigh

  11. When setting the lower limit of the robotic arm, what is the rule of thumb for distance from the patient’s skin surface? • 1 centimeter or less • When performing a laparoscopic cholecystectomy on an obese patient, what can be done to creat additional space between the elbow of the robotic arm and the patient? • tilt mechanism

  12. Answer the next 3 questions based on the following case study: A surgeon will be performing a laparoscopic Nissen fundoplication and prefers access ports located in the patient’s midline. • Where should the robotic arm be placed on the operating room table? • left or right side; lower abdominal region • How should the leg be positioned on the side where the robotic arm is positioned? • extended laterally, with the leg supported

  13. Once the trocars and manipulator have been placed, what position is the operating room table placed? • Reverse Trendelenburg • The robotic arm should be positioned on the operating table prior to positioning the patient. • False

  14. Answer the next 3 questions based on the following case study: A surgeon is using surface-based registration in order to perform a difficult resection of a benign tumor of the brain. • What is used to create the initial images of the brain? • magnetic resonance imaging • In the operating room, what piece of equipment is necessary to obtain three-dimensional coordinates in order to superimpose the scan-based images of the brain on the head of the patient? • Laser

  15. During the surgical procedure, the surgeon is able to track the position of the tips of the instruments due to the use of the imaging system. • True • What term is used to describe the attainment of a three-dimensional simulation of the images of a patient’s tissues in order for the surgeon to practice prior to the surgical procedure? • deformable modeling

  16. What term refers to robotic vision that is analogous to human vision? • binocular vision • Which of the following robotic devices requires sterilization? • collar

  17. What is the number of degrees of freedom of the human arm in which the robotic manipulator is compared to? • 7 • What term refers to the up and down movement of the robotic arm? • pitch

  18. A concern in the development of robotic vision is that improved sensitivity causes a decrease in resolution. • True • When performing a laparoscopic cholecystectomy with a robotic arm, what anatomical landmark is used to line yup the endoscope? • umbilicus

  19. On the keyboard, what keys can be used for shortcuts to commands? • Function Keys • Which side or click of the mouse performs the majority of its general functions? • left click

  20. What term refers to the openings on the back of the CPU used to plug in various computer hardware cables? • ports • One kilobyte equals _______________? • 1,000 bytes

  21. What device is required in order to connect to the internet? • Modem • After the computer is turned on, what term is used to refer to the general background that appears on the monitor? • desktop

  22. Which of the following is highlighted in the Start menu on the desktop to quickly access the documents submenu? • opening a document • Which is used to quickly move up and down within a document? • scroll bar

  23. What menu is accessed to Shut Down the computer? • start menu • What is recommended for use to protect the computer from high electric voltages? • Surge protector

  24. What bar shows documents and applications that are open and allows the user to switch between them? • taskbar • What is the name for the bar that includes functions such as Bold, Font Size and Underlining? • formatting toolbar

  25. What is the shortcut for enabling the Underline function? • Ctrl-U • If a toolbar does not appear on the screen, which menu contains Toolbars, the function used to add them to the screen? • View

  26. To change the style of lettering in a document, what function is preformed? • font function • On which toolbar is the center function located? • menu bar

  27. Which describes the button used to perform the Print Preview function? • Paper with magnifying glass • What is the name of the function in which words or sentences can be moved from one place in a document to another place? • cut/paste

  28. What is the shortcut for performing the Paste function? • Ctrl-v • Where is the Page Numbering function located in the Menu bar? • Insert

  29. When importing an image from the Internet, what mouse click should be performed when the arrow is over the image? • right click • Several computers connected together to a single server is called a/an: • Network

  30. Within a Web address, what tells the user the type of organization that has published the information? • ending of the address • While using a search engine, how can the user ask it to search only for the exact words typed? • quotation marks

  31. Which theory explains electrical flow? • Electron Theory • Fill in the blanks: • All ____________ consists of ______________ which contain ____________ charged______________. • Matter, atoms, negatively, electrons

  32. The electrons located on the outer orbit of the atom are called ______________. • free electrons • What term is given to material that easily allows the flow of free electrons? • conductor

  33. Electrical current travels by movement of __________________. • free electrons • Which term defines a material that does not allow electricity to easily move through it? • insulator

  34. Which law pertains to electricity? • Ohm’s Law • Which is the best conductor? • copper

  35. Voltage represents the ______________________. • potential energy of electrons • Current represents _____________________________. • the rate of flow of electrons

  36. Resistance is used to ___________________________. • restrict the flow of current • Power is measured in __________________. • Watts

  37. What is the common method of producing electricity for electric power? • magnetism • Power is __________________________. • rate of the movement of electrons

  38. What term is given to the device that uses the electrical energy for a useful purpose? • load • What device is used to control the flow of electricity? • switch

  39. What should never be removed from a 3-prong plug? • ground prong • What device is used to limit current flow? • resistor

  40. In what type of current do electrons flow in one direction? • direct current • One alternating current cycle is called a ____________________. • hertz

  41. A small power drill is identified as having 60 Hz. What is the interpretation of 60 Hz? • 60 AC cycles per second • Radio and TV signals are ____________ waves. • electromagnetic

  42. What type of circuit can produce an electric shock? • isolated • When using electrosurgery, what device delivers the current to the patient? • active electrode

  43. What type of current does electrosurgery utilize? • alternating current • When the current passes through the active electrode, the energy is converted from electrical to _______________. • thermal

  44. What term describes voltage that is high enough to compromise the sterile glove, an insulator, to cause a hole and possibly burn the individual? • dielectric breakdown • Lasers, power drills and electrosurgical units can produce a ________ of vaporized tissue. • plume

  45. Energy is defined as: • the capacity to do work • The rate at which work is done is called: • power

  46. The energy that an object has due to its position or condition is called: • potential • The force that cause an object to fall due to gravity is called: • weight

  47. ____________friction is the friction between two surfaces at rest. • static • An atom is made of neutrons, electrons, and ______________. • protons

  48. The products of an object’s mass and its velocity is called: • momentum • When all forces acting on an object cancel each other out, the object is said to be in: • equilibrium

  49. The Law of Inertia is Newton’s ____________Law of Motion. • first • Newton’s Second Law of Motion states that if you push a cart it will: • accelerate in the direction you are pushing it

  50. Electric charge is created by the accumulation of ______________ on an object. • electrons • Average speed is defined as: • distance/time

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