Cold War Events Berlin, Korea, Vietnam & Cuba

1. Cold War EventsBerlin, Korea, Vietnam & Cuba Troy High School World Studies

2. Partition of Germany • Suggested at Potsdam and ratified at Yalta • Four Zones • Russia • Britain • US • France • Berlin would also be sliced up into four parts with Western access across the Russian zone.

4. Germany Cont… • Economy directed to agriculture and peaceful industries • Was to be thoroughly disarmed • Schools were set up to encourage democratic ideas • Denazification

5. Berlin Blockade • Stalin wanted Western forces out of Berlin • He blocked all surface routes • Only way he could prevent the airlift was by shooting the aircraft down • Stalin feared all-out war and eventually gave up on the blockade

6. Berlin Wall • Construction began on Sunday, August 13, 1961 • Became the bold symbol of the Cold War and the Iron Curtain

9. Korea 1945 • Japanese colony since 1910 • Then in 1945 it was divided at the 38th parallel • Russia in the North & America in the South • Russia defied the UN attempt to hold free elections • North = Communist Kim Il-Sung • South = Anti-Communist Syngman Rhee

10. Aggression in Korea • June 1950 North Korean Communist forces crossed the 38th parallel • UN reacted with American and South Korean forces – Gen. Douglas MacArthur

11. Major Points of the War • June 28th Seoul captured • Pusan Perimeter • Inchon Landing • Back to Seoul • Back across the 38th to the Yalu River • Chinese assistance back across the 38th to Seoul yet again • Then back the 38th for a stalemate

12. Korea Since the War • Still divided today • US interest and troops remain to this day • 1993 Korea withdraws from the Nuclear Nonproliferation Treaty • 1972 & 2000 talks of unification failed

13. Vietnam

14. Vietnam Background • Mid 1800’s became a French colony • During WWII Japan occupied the region and after the war and the Japanese withdraw the French tried to regain their territory and failed • The Geneva Conference of 1954 divided Vietnam at the 17th Parallel pending monitored elections to unite the nation by 1956

16. Vietnam Cont… • Communist North led by Ho Chi Minh began to increase military strength, eliminate free enterprise, and receive aid from Soviets and China • Anti-Communist South rejected plans for a unified nation • In response the North began guerrilla warfare throughout the South

17. Vietnam Cont… US Military Advisors • Saigon requests American aid so the US begins to send military advisors in 1954 fearing that other nations would fall to Communism. (Domino Theory)

18. Escalation of US Troops ’65-25,000 ’68-536,000

19. Vietnam Cont… • Paris Peace Agreement (1973) • US withdraws troops & receives POW’s • All foreign troops withdrawn form Laos and Cambodia • Reunification of Vietnam by peaceful means

20. Current Day Vietnam • Officially united as a communist state on July 2, 1976 • Vietnam has experienced very little economic growth • Headed by Tran Duc Luong • Buddhism, Christianity (Mainly Roman Catholic)

21. Cuba

22. Background • Spanish colony until 1898 then the US occupied Cuba • Independence was granted to Cuba in 1902 but limited due to the Platt Amendment

23. The Overthrow • The 26th of July Movement in 1959 Fidel Castro overthrew the corrupt dictator Fulgencio Batista • Once in power Fidel forbade elections, civil liberties, cut relations with the US and made agreements with Communist nations

24. Major Events • Bay of Pigs (1961) – The US trained Cuban exiles to launch an invasion into Cuba to overthrow Castro • Was modeled after a similar event in Guatemala

25. Major Events Cont… • Cuban Missile Crisis (1962) – Pres. Kennedy revealed that the Soviets were installing missile and bomber bases in Cuba • Kennedy issued quarantine and demanded the Soviets to withdraw missiles • After and few days of tension Khrushchev removed the missiles

27. Cuba Today • Cuba’s economy was hurt in the 80’s due to the fall of Communism. The country relied on aid from the Soviet Union • Cuba was worsened when the US imposed further trade sanctions in 1992 and again in 1996 • To this day civil liberties are suppressed in Cuba

28. THE END!!!