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Economics, Trade, and Rebellion

Economics, Trade, and Rebellion. Mr. McLaughlin Chapter 1 Section 4. Plantation Economy. Southern Society. Social Classes 1)Wealthy Planters 2) Small farmers 3) Enslaved Africans Economy Based on Tobacco First Successful Cash Crop Grown in Maryland and Virginia

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Economics, Trade, and Rebellion

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  1. Economics, Trade, and Rebellion Mr. McLaughlin Chapter 1 Section 4

  2. Plantation Economy

  3. Southern Society • Social Classes • 1)Wealthy Planters • 2) Small farmers • 3) Enslaved Africans • Economy Based on Tobacco • First Successful Cash Crop • Grown in Maryland and Virginia • Indentured servants produced a large amount of Tobacco • South Carolina and Georgia • Rice was a major cash crop • Indigo also became a cash crop

  4. Tenant Farmers

  5. Disparities in Wealth • Plantation Owners – few in numbers • Enormous economic and political influence • Judges, commanded militias, governed councils • Plantations were self sufficient communities • Small farmers – were the majority • Small plots of land and lived in tiny houses • Subsistence farming • Landless Tenant Farmers • Rented land and farming materials from others farmers – limited profits

  6. Bacon’s Rebellion

  7. Bacon’s Rebellion • Gov. Berkeley restricted voting to those who land and antagonized small farmers buy not protecting from Indian attacks • Nathaniel Bacon led a Rebellion against Berkeley’s Gov. • Resented control of wealthy plantation owners • 1676 led series of raids against Indian villages and burned Jamestown settlement • Did win voting rights for non-landowners • Convinced gov. to protect farmers moving westward

  8. Slavery Statistics

  9. The Rise of Slavery • Bacon’s Rebellion spurred the rise of slavery • Fewer Englishmen were willing to become indentured servants • (British) Royal African Company began exporting enslaved Africans making it cheaper for colonists to purchase • Enslaved Africans were often used as collateral for loans

  10. New England Society • Economy • Practiced Subsistence Farming • Crops – Wheat, grain, veggies, apples, cattle, sheep, and pigs • Fishing and Whaling • Lumber and Sawmills – Shipbuilding was cheap • Most English ships were built in colonies • Social Life • Centered in Towns • Groups were united by a church

  11. New England Society Cont… • Local Government • Town Meetings • Landowners could vote and pass laws • Set the Stage for American Rev. • Puritan Society • Strict rules regulating daily life • Gambling banned, no mixed dancing • Valued education – instituted elementary and secondary schools

  12. Trade and Rise of Cities • Triangular Trade made many New England merchants rich • Trade caused Northern ports to become cities • Philadelphia, Boston, and New York • Charlestown became a city in the South • Urban Hierarchy • Wealthy Merchants • Skilled artisans, innkeepers, and retailers • Laborers • Servants • Indentured servants and enslaved Africans (10-20% of pop.)

  13. Life in Middle Colonies • Middle Colonies – New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, and Delaware • Wheat – important cash crop • Price more than doubled b/t 1720 and 1770 • Much was shipped to Europe • Susquehanna, Hudson, and Delaware made it easier for farmers to ship to the coast • Wealthy Capitalists immerged from flour industry

  14. Imperial System • Mercantilism • Economic theory about the world economy • Believe a country must acquire gold and silver to become wealthy • This is achieved by selling more goods to other countries than one buys from them • More gold and silver would flow in than out of country • A country should also be self sufficient in raw materials • To be self sufficient a country needed colonies to get raw materials • Buy raw materials from home county and sell manufactured goods back • In New England created some problems • Could only trade with England • If home country did not want goods, no profits

  15. Triangular Trade

  16. Navigation Acts (King Charles II) • All goods shipped to and from colonies on English ships • Listed specific products that could only be sold to England or other English colonies • Many colonists did not like acts and broke them • Began smuggling goods to Europe, Caribbean, and Africa in large quantities • King James II tried to end smuggling and created the Dominion of New England • Governor Andros was appointed to rule New England, limited self rule • Levied new taxes and enforced Navigation Acts • Outlawed marriage outside Anglican Church • Angered New Englanders

  17. Navigation Acts

  18. William and Mary

  19. Glorious Revolution • Catholic King James II also angered Englishmen • Parliament invited his protestant daughter (Mary) and Dutch husband James to rule • James Fled and thus the bloodless “Glorious Revolution” • William and Mary had to accept “English Bill of Rights” • Could not suspend Parliament, freedom of speech in Parliament • Influenced American Bill of Rights • Colonists ousted Governor Andros • RI, and CT self gov. • MA, ME new royal colony of Massachusetts • Headed by governor

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