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LAN design

LAN design. CCNA Exploration Semester 3 Chapter 1 . Topics. Networks and business needs The 3-level hierarchical network design model Including voice and video over IP in the design Devices at each layer of the hierarchy Cisco switches for each layer. LAN Design. Basic Switch Concepts.

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LAN design

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  1. LAN design CCNA Exploration Semester 3 Chapter 1 S Ward Abingdon and Witney College

  2. Topics • Networks and business needs • The 3-level hierarchical network design model • Including voice and video over IP in the design • Devices at each layer of the hierarchy • Cisco switches for each layer S Ward Abingdon and Witney College

  3. LAN Design Basic Switch Concepts Wireless VLANs STP Inter-VLAN routing VTP Semester 3 S Ward Abingdon and Witney College

  4. Hierarchical design model S Ward Abingdon and Witney College

  5. Hierarchical design model High speed backbone. S Ward Abingdon and Witney College

  6. Hierarchical design model Subnets, VLANs, routing, flow control, security. S Ward Abingdon and Witney College

  7. Hierarchical design model Connects end devices. Controls which devices connect. S Ward Abingdon and Witney College

  8. Collapsed core • Small network: merged core and distribution S Ward Abingdon and Witney College

  9. Logical and physical layout • Logical – how they connect. • Physical – where they are. • Logical connections not obvious from looking. S Ward Abingdon and Witney College

  10. Benefits of Hierarchical Network • Scalability – easy to expand • Redundancy – at core and distribution layers • Performance – route packets through fast devices • Security – at access and distribution layers • Manageability – similar functions within layer • Maintainability - modular S Ward Abingdon and Witney College

  11. Design principles • Network diameter – how many devices must packet pass through? Keep it low. • Bandwidth aggregation – combine ports where high bandwidth is needed. • Redundant links/devices – in core and distribution layers. Too expensive for access. • Start design at the access layer. How many devices, how much bandwidth needed? S Ward Abingdon and Witney College

  12. Converged network • Combines data, voice, video. • (Not converged as in “all routers have consistent information”. Same word used.) • Needs quality of service (QoS) to give priority to voice and video. • Was very expensive, needed expertise, needed to replace legacy equipment. • Now more affordable. S Ward Abingdon and Witney College

  13. Advantages of converged network • One network to manage/ keep up to date • One set of cabling and networking devices • One group of people to run it • One service provider • Can have voice and video on PC using headset, webcam and software – no separate equipment. S Ward Abingdon and Witney College

  14. Choosing switches • Carry out Traffic Flow Analysis using software to monitor amount and source of traffic. Allow for growth. • Carry out User Communities Analysis. Group by job function. How many ports? How much bandwidth? Allow for growth. • Carry out Data Stores and Data Servers analysis. Traffic to, from, between. S Ward Abingdon and Witney College

  15. Topology Diagram Ports?Bandwidth?Bottlenecks? Layers?Routes?Redundancy? S Ward Abingdon and Witney College

  16. Document it now Topology Diagram Ports?Bandwidth?Bottlenecks? Layers?Routes?Redundancy? S Ward Abingdon and Witney College

  17. Choosing switches (contd) 1 rack unit (1U) Form factor • Fixed configuration – ports on chassis • Modular – ports on cards • Stackable – act as one switch, linked by special ports. S Ward Abingdon and Witney College

  18. Choosing switches (contd) • Port density – how many ports? (Allow for links between switches.) • Forwarding rate – How many Gbps can it process? Can all ports work simultaneously at maximum speed? • Link aggregation (EtherChannel) – up to 8 ports bound together, acting as one, with combined bandwidth – can it do this? S Ward Abingdon and Witney College

  19. Choosing switches (contd) • Power over Ethernet (PoE) for IP phones, network access points. Do you need it? It adds to the cost. • Multilayer switch needed? Typical switch works at Data Link layer (2), uses MAC addresses. Multilayer also works at Network layer (3), routes between subnets. S Ward Abingdon and Witney College

  20. Access Layer Switch Features • Port security – choose which devices may connect. All Cisco switches support this. • VLANs – connected devices on different subnets. • Speed – Fast Ethernet (100Mbps) or Gigabit. • Power over Ethernet (PoE) – expensive • Link aggregation – for uplinks • Quality of service (QoS) if needed S Ward Abingdon and Witney College

  21. Distribution Layer Switch Features • Layer 3 support – route between VLANs • High forwarding rate (processing) • Port speed Gbps, 10Gbps ports • Redundancy • Security – Access control lists • Link aggregation • Quality of service • Availability. Hot swappable power supply? S Ward Abingdon and Witney College

  22. Core Layer Switch Features • Support for Network layer (3) - routing • Very high forwarding rate • Very high port speed (1Gbps, 10Gbps) • Redundancy • Link aggregation • Quality of service • Avoid security and other distractions here. Go for speed. S Ward Abingdon and Witney College

  23. Catalyst Switch product lines S Ward Abingdon and Witney College

  24. Concentrate on general features Catalyst Switch product lines S Ward Abingdon and Witney College

  25. The End S Ward Abingdon and Witney College

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