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Photosynthesis

Learn about the process of photosynthesis and why plants are green. Explore the two stages: light-dependent and light-independent reactions. Discover how sunlight powers the production of ATP and the breakdown of water into oxygen. Find out the steps involved in photosystem II and photosystem I, and how ATP synthase plays a crucial role. Understand the Calvin Cycle and how it leads to the creation of glucose.

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Photosynthesis

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  1. Photosynthesis Why plants don’t “eat”

  2. What is Photosynthesis? • Photo: Light • Synthesis: Putting Together • Photosynthesis: putting together with light!

  3. Why are plants green? • Chlorophyll absorb light • All but green • Green is reflected back!

  4. What are the two stages? • 1st: Light-Dependent Reactions • 2nd: Light-Independent Reactions

  5. Where do Light-Dependent Reactions Occur? • In the thylakoid stacks of the chloroplast

  6. What happens during the light-dependent reactions? • Sunlight powers the production of ATP • Water is broken down into oxygen • What is a waste product here?

  7. What are the steps of Light-Dependent Reactions? • 3 steps: • Photosystem II • Photosystem I • ATP Synthase

  8. What happens during Photosystem II? • Chlorophyll absorbs sunlight • Sunlight powers electrons to leave H from H20 and move through membrane • H+ moves through membrane • If H leaves water, what is left?

  9. What happens during Photosystem I? • Chlorophyll still absorbs sunlight • Electrons (e-) added to NADP+ to make NADPH • NADPH moves to the ATP Synthase NADP+ ATP Synthase Photosystem I NADPH

  10. What happens during ATP Synthase? • H+ ions move back through membrane • Power ATP Synthase to make ADP from ATP • Where have we seen this before?

  11. Where do Light-Independent Reactions Occur? • In the stroma of the chloroplast

  12. What happens during Light-Independent Reactions? • ATP made previously powers making of Glucose • CO2 is used to make C6H12O6 (Glucose)

  13. How many steps are there in Light-Independent Reactions? • ONE! • The Calvin Cycle

  14. What happens during the Calvin Cycle? 1. A 5-Carbon molecule attaches to a C from CO2 to become a 6-Carbon molecule

  15. 2. Energy (ATP) breaks the 6-carbon into 2 3-carbon molecules

  16. 3. 1 of the 3-carbon molecules leaves the cycle, the other continues on.

  17. 4. Remaining 3-carbon has energy (ATP) added to become the 5-carbon molecule we started out with!

  18. So how does that make a Glucose? • Glucose has 6 carbons… • The 3-carbon molecule that left, after 2 cycles, comes together to make Glucose! • 3C+3C=6C

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