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Agroforestry in Pennsylvania: Native Medicinal Plant Husbandry

Learn about agroforestry opportunities and challenges in Pennsylvania focusing on native medicinal forest plant husbandry. Explore forest farming, sustainable production, obstacles, and benefits. Discover key medicinal species and market analysis.

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Agroforestry in Pennsylvania: Native Medicinal Plant Husbandry

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  1. Agroforestry in Pennsylvania and Opportunities & Challenges from Native Medicinal Forest Plant Husbandry Eric Burkhart Mike Jacobson Penn State

  2. Agroforestry Forest farming

  3. Invasives Deer! High Grading

  4. Context • Shift from efficient production to sustainable production • Economic decline in rural communities • Soil erosion • Pollution • Water quality • Monocultures • Top five in nation for land use change due to development

  5. Interest in Agroforestry (PA) *Significantly different between PASA and WOA at .05 level ** Significantly different between PASA,WOA, male and female at .05 level

  6. Timber-Related Practices Non-Adopters Specialty Crop Production Livestock- Related Practices

  7. Cluster 3: Progressive Land Manager Interest in Agroforestry NTFP, Patio Gardens CTM Windbreaks, Riparian Buffers Benefits Environmental Conservation Obstacles Access to Information Biophysical Compatibility

  8. Extension • Three Scenarios for Adoption Potential • Timber-Related Practices • Livestock-Related Practices • Specialty Crop, Small-Scale Intensive Practices • Each one reaches a different audience and requires different collaborators • Demonstration sites

  9. Forest farming • An alternative income opportunity • Domestication/cultivation of forest botanicals • Take pressure of ‘wild’ resources • Keep land forested

  10. The husbandry continuum Wild collection (w/ seeding) Propagation (forest, intensive) Propagation (forest, non-intensive) Wild collection (w/ no seeding) Wild collection (w/ extra seeding) Propagation (field, intensive)

  11. Why botanicals? • Health • Are beautiful plants • Concern over habitat loss • Income? • There are markets?

  12. On-going forest botanical (NTFP) market study • Production viability analysis is based upon a 5 year price average from wholesale buyers (1999-2004) • Also looking at price/market trends over time (30+ years) • Many production assumptions that are still being fine tuned • Assume same price for woods cult & wild sim (exception = ginseng). • Time to production (3 = woods cult, 5 = wild sim) • Seed and propagation material costs • Yield estimates (roots per pound, yield per area)

  13. Black cohosh Bloodroot Goldenseal Mayapple Ginseng Burdock Species

  14. American ginseng (Panax quinquefolius)

  15. Ginseng (Panax quinquefolius) • Marketable products: • root (6 + years); • seed • Season: fall • Price paid: $220-$1,500/kg (root) • Demand: very strong • Uses: tonic, stress, mental efficiency, physical performance, fatigue, anti-cancer • Uses:

  16. Goldenseal (Hydrastis canadensis)

  17. Goldenseal (Hydrastis canadensis) • Season: fall • Price paid: $35-120/kg (root); no data for leaf • Demand: steady and significant • Uses: tonic, mild laxative, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, bitter, uterine stimulant, stops internal bleeding, astringent • Marketable products: • root (3 yr. old) • leaf • despite its notoriety, little clinical research

  18. Black cohosh (Actaea racemosa) • Marketable products: • root (3+ yr. old) • Season: fall • Price paid: $6-20/kg (root); $4.50-10.00 per plant as an ornamental • Demand: significant • Uses: medicinal (promotes menstrual flow & regularity, anti-rheumatic) and ornamental • RemiFemin (GlaxoSmithKline)

  19. Bloodroot (Sanguinaria canadensis)

  20. Bloodroot (Sanguinaria canadensis) • Marketable products: • root (4-7 yr. old) • Season: Fall • Average root weight: 95 plants/lb. • (Price paid: $16-35/kg (root); $4.50-10.00 per plant as an ornamental • Demand: steady • Uses: medicinal (cancer, topical, expectorant, antiseptic, antibacterial) and as an ornamental

  21. Mayapple (Podophyllum peltatum)

  22. Uses • toxic • anticancer properties • laxative • Warts • Price – about $1/kg

  23. Common Burdock Arctium lappa Uses: Skin conditions Laxative Food Price – about $3/kg

  24. Prices • 5 year average from various sources • American Botanicals • Strategic Sourcing, Inc. • Hawk Mountain Trading Co. • Ohio River and Fur, Inc. • Same prices woods and wild grown, except ginseng. • Costs – labor, seed costs, equipment

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