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Key points: summarized from chapter 14

Explore mRNA processing in gene organization, introns/exons, & pre-mRNA steps. Understand splicing, poly-Adenylation, RNA-self splicing, spliceosome functions. Learn about alternative mRNA processing methods and RNA interference in translation. Dive into the Central Dogma, DNA to RNA transcription, and protein translation. Compare eukaryotes and prokaryotes.

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Key points: summarized from chapter 14

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  1. Key points: summarized from chapter 14 RNA processing

  2. Outline: we will focus on mRNA processing • Overview of the Central Dogma • Link DNA to RNA transcription to proteintranslation • What is a codon? • Gene organization • Introns and exons • What really is a gene? • Steps of pre-mRNA processing • Eukaryotes versus prokaryotes

  3. Gene Organization: Is DNA and RNA co-linear?

  4. 3 steps of mRNA processing occurs in the nucleus of eukaryotes 5’ CAP Poly-A tail Splicing

  5. The 5’Cap

  6. The Poly-A Tail

  7. Cleavage by endonuclease

  8. Basic steps of poly-Adenylation

  9. Splicing Spliceosome Requires RNA + proteins Function as enzymes Self splicing Only RNA! Function as enzymes!

  10. Spliceosome Meet the spliceosome

  11. Splicesome: 3 components are required Note some important aspects of the 5’ and 3’ ends 5’ phosphodiester of G 2’ OH of A lariat

  12. Where does splicing occurs?

  13. Self-Splicing mRNA’s

  14. Common characteristic of self-splicing mRNA’s

  15. Comments on Alternative processing methods First: What are the methods of mRNA processing discussed so far? 5’ CAP 3’ Poly A Tail Intron Splicing

  16. Alternative processing methods • Alternative splicing • Multiple 3’cleavage sites • RNA editing

  17. And alternative splicing example Thryoid BRAIN

  18. Silencing or interfering RNAs • siRNA • miRNA

  19. Onto translation chapter 15

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