1 / 51

The Forgotten Pandemic The 1918 Flu Epidemic

The Forgotten Pandemic The 1918 Flu Epidemic. Presentation by Robert Martinez Primary Content Source: Wikipedia “Spanish Flu.” Images as cited. http://www.fas.org/programs/ssp/bio/_images/fact_sheet/1918%20flu-1.jpg. http://www.whale.to/b/flumania.jpg. I had a little bird,

jros
Download Presentation

The Forgotten Pandemic The 1918 Flu Epidemic

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. The Forgotten PandemicThe 1918 Flu Epidemic Presentation by Robert Martinez Primary Content Source: Wikipedia “Spanish Flu.” Images as cited. http://www.fas.org/programs/ssp/bio/_images/fact_sheet/1918%20flu-1.jpg

  2. http://www.whale.to/b/flumania.jpg

  3. I had a little bird, Its name was Enza, I opened the window, And in-flew-enza. American Skipping Rhyme (circa 1918.)

  4. The 1918 flu pandemic, commonly referred to as the Spanish flu, was an influenza pandemic that spread to nearly every part of the world. http://www.olgp.net/chs/d1/flu2.jpg

  5. http://www.helenahistory.org/flu_masks_1918_19.jpg

  6. It was caused by an unusually virulent and deadly influenza A virus strain called H1N1. Historical data is inadequate in identifying the geographic origin of the virus. http://wpcontent.answers.com/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/165-WW-269B-11-trolley-l.jpg/180px-165-WW-269B-11-trolley-l.jpg

  7. http://www.wwnorton.com/college/history/archive/resources/images/ch25_22.gifhttp://www.wwnorton.com/college/history/archive/resources/images/ch25_22.gif

  8. Most of its victims were healthy young adults, in contrast to most influenza outbreaks which predominantly affect juvenile, elderly, or otherwise weakened immune-system patients. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Sp-flu-alberta-field.jpg

  9. The pandemic lasted from March 1918 to June 1920, spreading even to the Arctic and remote Pacific Islands. http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e2/Spanish_flu_death_chart.png

  10. It is estimated that anywhere from 20 to 100 million people were killed worldwide. The pandemic is estimated to have affected up to one billion people, half the world’s population at the time. http://wpcontent.answers.com/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/1918_flu_in_Oakland.jpg/180px-1918_flu_in_Oakland.jpg

  11. In the United States, the disease was first observed at Fort Riley, Kansas on March 4, 1918, and in Queens, New York, on March 11, 1918. http://freepages.genealogy.rootsweb.ancestry.com/%7Efamilyhistorypages/The_Spanish_Influenza_files/image008.gif

  12. The Allies of WW I came to call it the Spanish flu, primarily because the pandemic received greater press attention after it moved from France into Spain in November 1918. Spain was neutral during WWI, therefore, the press was not censured as in other warring countries. http://www.dmacdigest.com/Images/1918/ambulance3.jpg

  13. Modern scientists have used tissue samples from frozen victims to reproduce the virus for study. Among the conclusions of this research is that the virus kills by a overreaction of the body’s immune system). http://www.todayinsci.com/Events/Medical/Checkup1918Thm.jpg

  14. http://sharlot.org/archives/history/dayspast/images/2008_09_10.jpghttp://sharlot.org/archives/history/dayspast/images/2008_09_10.jpg

  15. Therefore, the strong immune systems of young adults ravaged the body, whereas the weaker immune systems of children and middle-aged adults caused fewer deaths. http://www.paho.org/Images/DD/PIN/persp18_13.jpg

  16. The global mortality rate from the pandemic is not known. Influenza may have killed as many as 25 million in its first 25 weeks ( a fast killer.) . http://www.cbc.ca/news/sars/gfx/epidemic1.jpg

  17. This pandemic has been described as “the greatest medical holocaust in history” and may have killed more people than the Black Death. http://www.stanford.edu/%7Ejpc/Chapter4_files/image003.jpg

  18. http://kickthemallout.com/images/Photos/1918Flu/flu11.jpg

  19. Approximate DeathsWorldwide Samples * • India – 17 million • Japan – 390,000 • U.S. – 675,000 • England – 250,000 • France – 400,000 • Canada – 50,000 * http://en.wikipedia.org/Flu_epidemic_of_1918

  20. http://www.wellcome.ac.uk/stellent/groups/corporatesite/@msh_publishing_group/documents/image/wtd028181.jpghttp://www.wellcome.ac.uk/stellent/groups/corporatesite/@msh_publishing_group/documents/image/wtd028181.jpg

  21. This huge death toll was caused by an extremely high infection rate of up to 50%, and the extreme severity of the symptoms. . http://lass.calumet.purdue.edu/histpoly/bigott/CALUMETMUSEUMWEB/1918articles/oct25b.JPG

  22. One of the most striking of the complications was hemorrhaging (bleeding) from the mucous membranes, especially from the nose, stomach, and intestines, ears, and lesions in the skin. http://www.yannone.org/BlogPics/FluVictim.jpg

  23. Symptoms included a blue tint to the face and coughing up blood caused by severe obstruction of the lungs. http://origin.foxnews.com/images/254389/2_61_spanish_flu_1918.jpg

  24. http://www.harrymartinmusic.com/Scrap%20Book/Spanish%20flu%20victims,%20%20North%20River%201918.JPGhttp://www.harrymartinmusic.com/Scrap%20Book/Spanish%20flu%20victims,%20%20North%20River%201918.JPG

  25. In some cases, the virus caused uncontrollable hemorrhaging that filled the lungs, and patients drowned in their own body fluids (pneumonia.) http://graphics8.nytimes.com/images/2005/08/21/nyregion/21pandemic1.583.jpg

  26. http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_473nrD5vEv8/R9Z1nmU94xI/AAAAAAAAAVc/1TZEry9zRO0/s400/flu-pandemic.jpghttp://4.bp.blogspot.com/_473nrD5vEv8/R9Z1nmU94xI/AAAAAAAAAVc/1TZEry9zRO0/s400/flu-pandemic.jpg

  27. While WWI did not cause the flu, the close troop quarters and massive troop movements accelerated the pandemic, increasing transmission. http://www1.imperial.ac.uk/resources/BCBB9421-6B48-487A-8808-077A24A0CA9A/

  28. http://www.pbs.org/newshour/bb/health/birdflu/images/spanishflu1_sub.jpghttp://www.pbs.org/newshour/bb/health/birdflu/images/spanishflu1_sub.jpg

  29. Some researchers speculate that the soldiers’ immune systems were weakened by malnourishment, and the stresses of combat and chemical attacks, increasing their susceptibility to the disease. http://static.howstuffworks.com/gif/10-worst-epidemics-3.jpg

  30. The virus helped tip the balance of power in the war towards the Allied cause. The flu hit the Central Powers before it the Allied Powers, and the mortality rates in Germany and Austria were considerably higher than Britain and France. http://graphics8.nytimes.com/images/2007/04/17/science/flu_4.600.jpg

  31. An additional factor of the Spanish flu (like today) was increased travel. Modern transportation systems made it easier for people to spread the disease quickly to communities worldwide. http://www.ltmcollection.org/resources/index.html?IXglossary=First+World+War

  32. The Great Influenza was the source of much fear in citizens around the world. Inflaming that fear was the fact that world governments and health officials were downplaying the situation. http://www.pastforward.ca/perspectives/images/flue.jpg

  33. http://seattletimes.nwsource.com/ABPub/2007/03/16/2003621769.jpghttp://seattletimes.nwsource.com/ABPub/2007/03/16/2003621769.jpg

  34. While the panic from WWI was dwindling, governments attempted to keep morale up by spreading lies and downplaying the influenza. http://graphics8.nytimes.com/images/2007/04/17/science/flu_4.600.jpg

  35. http://farm4.static.flickr.com/3239/2777726533_024e1d87b0.jpghttp://farm4.static.flickr.com/3239/2777726533_024e1d87b0.jpg

  36. While medical scientists attempted to discover a cure or vaccine, there was virtually no assistance from world governments. The war in Europe had become the #1 priority. http://www.glenbow.org/exhibitions/online/libpics/flu1.jpg

  37. Many historians have called the Spanish flu the “forgotten pandemic.” http://www.history.navy.mil/pics/influ.jpg

  38. http://www.alumni.umn.edu/sites/d2e2f762-6a18-437f-ad49-168669330020/uploads/flu1.jpghttp://www.alumni.umn.edu/sites/d2e2f762-6a18-437f-ad49-168669330020/uploads/flu1.jpg

  39. The majority of deaths, in both WWI and in the Spanish Flu epidemic, were young adults. The deaths caused by the flu may have been overlooked due to the large numbers of deaths in the war. http://blog.eogn.com/eastmans_online_genealogy/spanish_flu_new.jpg

  40. http://sharlot.org/archives/history/dayspast/images/2008_09_10.2.jpghttp://sharlot.org/archives/history/dayspast/images/2008_09_10.2.jpg

  41. In addition, during this time period, pandemic outbreaks were not uncommon; typhoid, yellow fever, diphtheria, and cholera all occurred near the same time period. http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Spanish_flu_hospital.png/300px-Spanish_flu_hospital.png

  42. http://www.johnnygoodtimes.com/070117_Spanish_Flu.jpg

  43. Notable Epidemic Survivors Presidents Woodrow Wilson & Franklin D. Roosevelt http://www.answers.com/topic/woodrow-wilson http://www.answers.com/topic/franklin-d-roosevelt

  44. Spanish Flu Survivors Famed animator Walt Disney Silent film super-star Mary Pickford http://www.answers.com/topic/mary-pickford http://www.answers.com/topic/walt-disney

  45. Spanish Flu Survivors U.S. General John J. Pershing, WWI Wilhelm II, German Emperor, WWI http://www.answers.com/topic/john-j-pershing-1 http://www.answers.com/topic/wilhelm-ii-of-germany

  46. Notable Flu Survivor Leo Szilard, Inventor Nuclear Chain Reaction http://www.answers.com/topic/le-szil-rd-2

  47. Swine Flu 2009 http://graphics8.nytimes.com/images/2009/04/25/world/25mexico2_600.jpg http://www.huffingtonpost.com/huff-wires/20090428/us-swine-flu-us/images/bb79eda6-71a8-4416-b157-85fb902009af.jpg

  48. Swine Flu 2009 http://images.huffingtonpost.com/gadgets/slideshows/1466/slide_1466_20818_large.jpg http://www.cbc.ca/gfx/images/news/photos/2009/04/25/passengers-masks-cp-250-661.jpg

  49. Swine Flu 2009 http://media.cnbc.com/i/CNBC/Sections/News_And_Analysis/__Story_Inserts/graphics/__HEALTH/flu_outbreak3.jpg

  50. Swine Flu 2009 http://graphics8.nytimes.com/images/2009/04/25/world/25mexicoA_xl.jpg http://www.huffingtonpost.com/huff-wires/20090426/med-swine-flu/images/147c4e39-87ba-49d8-ab1e-51e0e0757865.jpg

More Related