California Institute for Telecommunications and Information Technology

1. California Institute for Telecommunications and Information Technology Invited Joint Briefing to UCSD CONNECT & the San Diego Telecom Council La Jolla, CA January 25, 2001 By Larry Smarr, Director, Cal-(IT)2

2. The Emerging Brilliant CloudA Mobile Internet Powered by a Planetary Computer • Wireless Access--Anywhere, Anytime • Broadband to the Home and Small Businesses • Vast Increase in Internet End Points • Embedded Processors • Sensors and Actuators • Information Appliances • Highly Parallel Light Waves Through Fiber • Emergence of a Distributed Planetary Computer • Storage everywhere • Scalable computing power “The all optical fibersphere in the center finds its complement in the wireless ethersphere on the edge of the network.” --George Gilder

3. The Internet is Poised to MoveThroughout the Physical World Radio (1940s) Internet (1990s)

4. Layered Software Approach to Building the Planetary Grid Science Portals & Workbenches P e r f o r m a n c e Twenty-First Century Applications Access Grid Computational Grid Access Services & Technology Computational Services Grid Services (resource independent) Grid Fabric (resource dependent) Networking, Devices and Systems “A source book for the history of the future” -- Vint Cerf Edited by Ian Foster and Carl Kesselman www.mkp.com/grids

5. The Era of Guerilla Infrastructure • Guerilla vs. Commercial Infrastructure • Bottom Up • Completely Decentralized • Self-Assembling • Use at Your Own Risk • Paves the Way for Commercial Deployment • Examples • NSFnetInternet • NCSA MosaicWeb • NapsterPeer-to-Peer Storage • SETI@homePeer-to-Peer Computing • IEEE 802.11Broadband Wireless Internet

6. UC San Diego and UC IrvineCalifornia Institute for Telecommunications and Information Technology • New Funding Model (4 Years) • State $100M • Industry $140M • Private $30 M • Campus $30M • Federal $100-200M (anticipated) • Total $400-500M • Institute Directors • Larry Smarr (UCSD), Institute Director • Ron Graham (UCSD), Institute Chief Scientist • Ramesh Rao, Director, UCSD Division • Peter Rentzepis, Director, UCI Division www.calit2.net

7. A Broad Partnership Response from the Private Sector Akamai Boeing Broadcom AMCC CAIMIS Compaq Conexant Copper Mountain Emulex Enterprise Partners VC Entropia Ericsson Global Photon IBM IdeaEdge Ventures Intersil Irvine Sensors Leap Wireless Litton Industries MedExpert Merck Microsoft Mission Ventures NCR Newport Corporation Orincon Panoram Technologies Printronix QUALCOMM Quantum R.W. Johnson Pharmaceutical RI SAIC SciFrame Seagate Storage Silicon Wave Sony STMicroelectronics Sun Microsystems TeraBurst Networks Texas Instruments UCSD Healthcare The Unwired Fund WebEx Computers Communications Software Sensors Biomedical Startups Venture Firms

8. Elements of the Cal -(IT)2 Industrial Partnerships • Endowed Chairs for Professors • Start-Up Support for Young Faculty • Graduate Student Fellowships • Research and Academic Professionals • Sponsored Research Programs • Equipment Donations for Cal-(IT)2 and Campus • Named Laboratories in new Institute Buildings • Pro Bono Services and Software

9. Complex Problems Require a New Research and Education Framework 220 UCSD & UCI Faculty Working in Multidisciplinary Teams With Students, Industry, and the Community www.calit2.net

10. Novel Materials and Devices are Needed in Every Part of the New Internet New Clean Room Facilites at Both Campuses Materials and Devices Team, UCSD

11. Creating Tiny and Inexpensive Wireless Internet Sensors Combining… Fluids Stresses and Strains Optics and Lasers 0.1 millimeter 100,000 nanometers UCI Integrated Nanosystems Research Facility

12. Cal -(IT)2 Researchers Will Focus on Semiconductor “System Chips” • Two Trends: • Increasing Use of “Embedded Intelligence” • Networking of Embedded Intelligence • In Ten Years: • The Big: eg., Terabit Optical Core, Gigabit Wireless, ... • The Small: eg., Pervasive Self-powered Sensor “Motes” • The Cheap: eg., One-Cent Radios • Short-range (10-100m), Low Power (10nJ/bit), Low Bit Rate (1-100kbps) • The Consequence: • Smart Spaces, Intelligent Interfaces, Ad Hoc Networks Source: Rajesh Gupta, UCI Center for Embedded Computer Systems

13. Goal: Design of Configurable Wireless Embedded Sensing/Computing/Communicating Appliances Protocol Stacks Wireless RTOS Network Transport Data Link Protocols Sw/Hw/Sensor/RF Co-design Reconfiguration Physical sensors Protocol Processors Reconf. Logic RF Memory DSP Processors SoC Design Methodologies Applications Sw/Silicon/MEMS Implementation Internet Source: Sujit Dey, UCSD ECE

14. Nanotechnology Is Becoming Essential for Photonics Source: UCSD Ultrafast and Nanoscale Optics Group, Shaya Fainman

15. Near Term Fiber Optics Goal:Build an International Lambda Grid • Establish PACI High Performance Network • SDSC to NCSA to PSC LambdaNet • Link to: • State Dark Fiber • Metropolitan Optical Switched Networks • Campus Optical Grids • International Optical Research Networks • NSF Fund Missing Dark Fiber Links For: • Scientific Applications • Network Research

16. From Telephone Conference Calls to Access Grid International Video Meetings Linking Researchers with IP Multicast from UCSD, UCI and Partners Access Grid Lead-Argonne NSF STARTAP Lead-UIC’s Elec. Vis. Lab

17. Bridging Internet Data Collection and Theoretical Scaling Analysis • Network Graph Theory • Sparse • Clustered • Hierarchical • Power Laws • Goal • IT First Principles • Quantitative Laws • Verify Against Reality • Use for Optimal Design 100,000 nodes Colored by Node IP Address Bill Cheswick, Lucent Bell Labs and Hal Burch, CMU Fan Chung Graham, UCSD www.caida.org/projects/internetatlas/gallery/

18. CWC Brings Deep Wireless Expertise to the Heart of The Institute Center for Wireless Communications Broadband Wireless ANTENNAS AND PROPAGATION LOW-POWERED CIRCUITRY MULTIMEDIA APPLICATIONS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS COMMUNICATION THEORY Architecture Media Access Scheduling End-to-End QoS Hand-Off Changing Environment Protocols Multi-Resolution RF Mixed A/D ASIC Materials Modulation Channel Coding Multiple Access Compression Smart Antennas Adaptive Arrays

19. Broadband Wireless Internet is Here Today • Create Wireless Internet “Watering Holes” • Ad Hoc IEEE 802.11 Domains • Real Broadband--11 mbps Going to 54 mbps • Home, Neighborhoods, Office • MobileStar--Admiral Clubs, Major Hotels, Restaurants, … • UCSD—Key Campus Buildings, Dorms, Coffee Shops… • Upsides • Ease of Use • Unlicensed so Anyone can Be a Wireless ISP • Will Accelerate Innovation—”Living in the Future” • Downsides • Not Secure • Shared Bandwidth • Short Range Coverage “The future is already here, it’s just not evenly distributed”William Gibson, Author of Neuromancer

20. The UCSD “Living Laboratory”—Fiber, Wireless, Compute, Data, Software • Commodity Internet, Internet2 • High-speed WAN (OC48+) • Remote Wireless Data Ingestion SDSC • High-speed optical core • 8 Gigabit now • 80 Gigabit in 18 months • 1 Terabit in 36 Months Eng. / Cal-(IT)2 CS Hosp Med Chem • Campus Wireless ½ Mile SIO Source: Phil Pap

21. Web Interface to Grid ComputingThe NPACI GridPort Architecture 802.11b Wireless • Interactive Access to: • State of Computer • Job Status • Application Codes

22. Cal-(IT)2 Will Bring the Southern High Tech Coast into Cyberspace • Partnering with: • UCSD SDSC • UCSD SIO • UCI ITS • Add Wireless Sensor Array • Build GIS Data • Focus on: • Pollution • Water Cycle • Earthquakes • Bridges • Traffic • Policy UCI Huntington Beach High Tech Coast UCSD Mission Bay San Diego Bay

23. The High PerformanceWireless Research and Education Network • Cal-(IT)2 Will Build on This Pioneering Experiment • Add New Science Sensor Arrays • Instrument Civil Infrastructure • Try Out New Wireless Technologies • Data Analysis • Outreach and Education NSF Funded PI, Hans-Werner Braun, SDSC Co-PI, Frank Vernon, SIO 45mbps Duplex Backbone

24. The Wireless Internet Adds Bio-Chemical-Physical Sensors to the Grid • From Experiments to Wireless Infrastructure • Scripps Institution of Oceanography • San Diego Supercomputer Center • Cal-(IT)2 • Building on Pioneering Work of Hans-Werner Braun & Frank Vernon Source: John Orcutt, SIO

25. Bringing the Civil Infrastructure Online New Bay Bridge Tower with Lateral Shear Links Wireless Sensor Arrays Linked to Crisis Management Control Rooms Source: UCSD Structural Engineering Dept.

26. Gradually Our Bodies Will Move On-Line • Example of New Sensors—Israeli Video Pill • Battery, Light, Video Camera • Wireless Transmitter • Images Stored on Hip • Next Step—Putting You On-Line! • Key Metabolic and Physical Variables • Model -- Dozens of Embedded Processors Inside of our Vehicles • Why Do Airplanes Have “Black Boxes” and Our Bodies Don’t? • Post-Genomic Individualized Medicine • Combine Your Genetic Code with Your Body’s Data Flow • Use Powerful AI Data Mining Techniques www.givenimaging.com

27. Cal-(IT)2 Will Pioneer Links Between Art, Technology, & Science ” “UCSD

28. Broadband Will Connect 30 Million Homes and Small Businesses in Three Years • PCs Always On • High Bandwidth Access • Corporate Drivers • Ford Motor Co. is Buying Home PCs for All its Employees • IBM Is Using SBC to Supply 12,000 Employees with Home DSL Internet Connections • Stage is Set for Explosion of Internet Computing • Tie PCs Together as Virtual Megacomputer Source: Kinetic Strategies Inc., Gilder Technology Report Pioneer Consulting

29. SETI@home Demonstrated that PC Internet Computing Could Grow to Megacomputers • Running on 500,000 PCs, ~1000 CPU Years per Day • Over Half a Million CPU Years so far! • 22 Teraflops sustained 24x7 • Sophisticated Data & Signal Processing Analysis • Distributes Datasets from Arecibo Radio Telescope Arecibo Radio Telescope Next Step- Allen Telescope Array

30. Evolving Drugs to Match Evolving AIDS Virus Varying Both Target Molecules and Target Proteins AutoDock Application Software Has Been Downloaded to Over 10,000 PCs In Silico Drug Design Art Olson, TSRI