CSE 5346 – Networks II: High Performance Networks

1. CSE 5346 – Networks II: High Performance Networks

2. Introduction Performance and Quality of Service

3. Course Foundation Assumptions (pre-requisites) • Good understanding of packet-switched networking concepts and principles of operation • Good understanding of Internet protocols and architectures (e.g., IP protocol stack) • Solid foundation in computer operating systems fundamentals • Ability to learn simple programming languages (such as ns/2 tcl, C/C++) • Ability to perform independent research, analyze findings and document results Introduction

4. Some Review New Content What will we cover? • Networking Introduction/Review • Today… setting the stage • Frame Relay, ATM & High Speed LANs • Performance Modeling and Estimation • Congestion, Network Traffic Analysis/Management and Routing • Quality of Service • Compression Standards and Practice • Advanced Topics (time permitting): VoIP, Mobile IP, Mobile Agents Introduction

5. How will we cover it? • Classroom lectures • Quizzes and exams • Incremental modeling and simulation project using ns/2 • Self-study research, and simulation reports by students • Study and student presentations on relevant papers & RFCs Introduction

6. Chapter 1 - Introduction An Overview of Networking - the Need for Speed and Quality of Service

7. Growth of the Internet As of January 2005 … > 300 million “computers” in 209 countries Introduction

8. connected computing devices: hosts, end-systems PC’s, workstations, servers PDA’s, phones, toasters, cars running network applications communication links fiber, copper, radio, satellite routers/switches:forward packets (chunks) of data thru network regional ISP local ISP company network What is an/the Internet? router workstation server mobile Introduction

9. Scale growing number of hosts -> growing demands on bandwidth new technologies result in new paradigms for device and connection types e.g. ?? The Need for Speed! • Application • demand for large to huge file transfers • increasing critical nature of Internet use • demand for “real-time” performance characteristics • demand for guarantees of service levels • e.g. ?? • User Expectations! Introduction

10. High-Speed Networks: IDN to ATM • IDN (Integrated Digital Network) • early ’60s, answer to growth of digital, computer-controlled, circuit-switched networking • WE 4ESS introduced in 1976, 1st large scale commercial time-division switch • ISDN(Integrated Services Digital Network) • integrated voice and data on the same digital transmission links/exchanges • small incremental cost for data over existing digital voice network Introduction

11. High-Speed Networks: IDN to ATM • Frame Relay • popularized standard (c. 1988) for packet switching over ISDN • most widely deployed WAN technology in use today • B-ISDN (Broadband ISDN) • c. 1988: emerging demand for broadband services • new high-speed technologies available • emerging bandwidth hungry applications Introduction

12. High-Speed Networks: IDN to ATM • ATM (Asynchronous Transfer Mode) • early ’90s outgrowth of emerging need for high-speed switching over B-ISDN WAN • rapidly evolved as high-speed packet switching technology of its own accord • primary deployment today is: • public network infrastructure • LAN backbone • private network, VPN WAN • services not widely deployed/available until late-’90s. Introduction

13. High-Speed Networks: ATM Backbone Example Introduction

14. High-Speed Networks: LANs • High-speed LANs • driven by explosive growth in speed and computing power of PCs in 1990s • emergence of client-server computing architecture • use of centralized server farms • emergence of “power workgroups” and workgroup applications • need for local high-speed LAN backbones Introduction

15. IP-based Internets (aka TCP/IP networks) Internetworking: the dominant paradigm of computer networking Evolution - key internetworking technologies: • packet switching • TCP/IP • TCP: reliable end-to-end transport • IP: internet routing and delivery • dynamic routing, load balancing • high speed Ethernet LANs Introduction

16. Internet Best-Effort Service all packets treated equally designed for elastic traffic no guarantees of bandwidth or throughput no guarantees of delay no guarantee of jitter (delay variation) The Need for Improved (better) Levels of Service • Applications • often create inelastic traffic • often sensitive to delay • often sensitive to jitter • often critical in nature • generate elastic traffic as well • User Requirements! Introduction

17. Delay Sensitivity & Criticality Introduction

18. A B Delays in Packet Switched (e.g. IP) Networks • End-to-end delay (simplified) = (dprop + dtrans + dqueue + dproc) x Q Where: • Propagation delay (dprop) • Transmission delay (dtrans) • Queuing delay (dqueue) • Processing delay (dproc) • Number of links (Q) Introduction

19. So what’s the problem? What makes this so hard? (I.e., what are we going to focus on in this course.) Introduction

20. A B More later Delays in Packet Switched (e.g. IP) Networks • End-to-end delay (simplified) = • (dprop + dtrans + dqueue + dproc) … on each link • Where: • Propagation delay (dprop) = d/s • Transmission delay (dtrans) = L/R • Queuing delay (dqueue) =? • Processing delay (dproc) = ? • Number of links (Q) = ? Introduction