Objectives

1. Objectives • Identify prepositions. • Recognize prepositional phrases, objects of prepositions, and compound prepositions. • Differentiate between adverbs and prepositional phrases. • Recognize the functions of prepositional phrases as adjectives and adverbs. continued PP 14-1a

2. A word that shows a relationship between a noun or pronoun and some other word in the sentence. The baseball player in the white shirt hit a homerun.

3. A word that shows a relationship between a noun or pronoun and some other word in the sentence. on her boat before noon in a house during class near the goat about a goon under a mouse without a pass

4. Kinds of Prepositions: @ Simple prepositions: Prepositions which consists only one word. e.g. in, on, at, with, against etc.., @ Compound prepositions: Prepositions which consists of two or more words. e.g. instead of, in the middle of, by the side of etc..,

5. Prepositions describe • Time • Place • Direction

6. Prepositions of Time • Some prepositions show when something happens. They are called prepositions of time. • Examples:- • School startsatnine o’clock. • We’re going to the zoo onSaturday. • No, you can’t watch a video. It’spast your bedtime already. • I visited my grandparents during the summer. • You must finish the work by Friday. • I’ll do my homework before dinner.

7. Prepositions of Place • Some prepositions show where something happens. They are called prepositions of place. • Examples:- • Sanny was sittingundera tree. • There’s a wooden floor underneaththe carpet. • Some geese flew overtheir house. • John and Sarah were hiding insidethe wardrobe. • There was a tree beside the river. • I have a friend who lives inAmerica.

8. Prepositions of Direction • Some prepositions show where something is going. They are called prepositions of direction. • Examples:- • The boys chased after each other. • The football rolled down the hill. • A man was walking his dog along the riverbank. • The freeway goes right through the city. • We were travelling towards Miami.

9. TRY THIS: 1. A cat was sitting _______the roof of my car. (place) 2. Some people were talking ___the movie. (time) 3. A man was coming____ us on his bike. (direction) 4. The party starts_____ six o’clock. (time) 5. She put the book ____her bag. (place) 6. We walked____ the street to the park. (place) 7. She keeps her slippers____ her bed. (place) 8. We always wash our hands ____meals. (time) 9. She ran ____the dog because she was frightened. (direction)

10. In English, the most used prepositions are: of to in for with on

11. Here are some of the more common prepositions:

12. Here are some compound prepositions:

13. Prepositions with Adjectives • Prepositions are used with some adjectives. The adjectives in these examples are printed in color. • Dad was angry with us. • We were afraidof the big dog. • She’s not very interestedin sports. • John is very goodat drawing. • Mr. Lee is pleased with our work. • The teachers are always kindto us. • What’s wrong with the computer?

14. Prepositions with Verbs • Prepositions are used with some verbs. The verbs in these examples are printed in color. • I’m looking for my pencil. Have you seen it? • Can you thinkof another word for ‘pleased’? • Does this book belong to you? • We’re listening to CDs. • I agreewith you. • Tell me about the show you saw. • Cut the cake into five pieces. • They borrowed money from the bank.

15. Prepositions with Nouns • Prepositions are used with some nouns. The nouns in these examples are printed in color. • What’s the answerto this question? • Is there a reasonfor this delay? • What’s the matterwith you? • Here’s an example of good behavior. • Congratulations on winning the competition! • Traffic can cause damage to the environment.

16. Always begins with a preposition and ends with a noun or pronoun. Create sentences for these prepositional phrases:

17. What is a PHRASE? • A phrase is a group of words that acts as a single part of speech (like an adjective or adverb) that does not contain both a subject and a verb. It is a fragment of a sentence, so it cannot express an idea on its own. • After midnight • on the roof • with a Ukranian bullfighter

18. What’s a PHRASE? Felcity stared. • Surprised by the intensity of her disgust, Felicity stared. • Surprised by the intensity of her disgust, Felicity stared at the cockroach. • Surprised by the intensity of her disgust, Felicity stared at the cockroachscurrying across her omelet.

19. Modifies a noun or pronoun It answers the same questions an adjective would: Which one? What kind? How many? The puppy in the shop window jumped up.

20. Modifies a verb, adjective, or adverb It answers the same questions an adverb would: Where? When? How? The puppy jumped to the food.

21. OBJECTOFTHEPREPOSITION The noun or pronoun that ends a prepositional phrase. The baseball player in the white shirt hit a homerun.

22. OBJECTOFTHEPREPOSITION The noun or pronoun that ends a prepositional phrase. on her boat before noon in a house during class near the goat about a goon under a mouse without a pass

23. A prepositional phrase can open a sentence • Without help, Janie made this message for Santa. • Is this prepositional phrase working as an adjective or adverb? • What is the object of the preposition? Notice: the comma offsets the prepositional phrase

24. A prepositional phrase can close a sentence • We ate corn dogs and drank root beer floats after the baseball game. • Is this prepositional phrase working as an adjective or adverb? • What is the object of the preposition? Notice NO comma is needed

25. A prepositional phrase can split the main subject and verb • All the puppies, except those that had been trained, pooped everywhere! • Is this prepositional phrase working as an adjective or adverb? • What is the object of the preposition? Notice: commas offset the prepositional phrase

26. A sentence can have consecutiveprepositional phrases 2 1 • In grandma’s attic, under the window, in a cardboard box between two garbage cans, we found these scary Santa Clauses. 3 4 • Are these prepositional phrase working as adjectives or adverbs? • What are the objects of the prepositions?

27. Find the prepositional phrases. 1. Three German submarines surrounded the island during the night.

28. Three German submarines surrounded the island during the night.

29. Find the prepositional phrases. Getting fresh water and vegetables was difficult. They were shipped to the island. The submarines kept bombing the ships carrying these items. 2. Getting fresh water and vegetables was difficult. They were shipped to the island. The submarines kept bombing the ships carrying these items.

30. Getting fresh water and vegetables was difficult. They were shipped to the island. The submarines kept bombing the ships carrying these items.

31. Find the prepositional phrases. 3. The roads of ancient Rome connected the cities of the empire.

32. The roads of ancient Rome connected the cities of the empire.

33. Find the prepositional phrases. 4. Phillip and Timothy along with Stew Cat floated to a small island.

34. Phillip and Timothyalong with Stew Cat floated to a small island.

35. Find the prepositional phrases. 5. After dinner Mom went to a baby shower.

36. Find the prepositional phrases. After dinner Mom went to a baby shower.

37. Find the prepositional phrases. 6. We looked below the sink for a bucket.

38. Find the prepositional phrases. We looked below the sinkfor a bucket.

39. Find the prepositional phrases. 7. Some jogger ran over the hill and past a lake.

40. Find the prepositional phrases. Some jogger ran over the hill and past a lake.

41. Find the prepositional phrases. 8. In June my cousin went down the Colorado RiverIn June my cousin went down the Colorado River.

42. Find the prepositional phrases. In June my cousin went down the Colorado River.

43. Find the prepositional phrases. 9. During the blizzard the children remained inside the house.

44. Find the prepositional phrases. During the blizzard the children remainedinside the house.

45. You MUST memorize the prepositions! If there is no object of the preposition (if the preposition is not part of a phrase), then it is not a preposition—it is an adverb.

46. For Example The words by,through, and in can be used as adverbs without objects. When these same words take objects, they are prepositions. Casual Fridays are in. (In is an adverb that answers the question Where? No object follows the word in.) Causal Friday attire is described in the company handbook. (In is a preposition. In this sentence, it takes the object handbook.) PP 14-6

47. The gecko climbed up the wall. The gecko climbed up. The gecko climbed upon the wall.

48. Identify the prepositional phrases and the objects of the preposition: • The paper with the blue border is floating through the air. • Jordan’s eyes sparkle like a sunny day. • With great ease, Michael jumped up on the table.

49. v • The paper with the blue border is floating through the air. • Jordan’s eyes sparkle like a sunny day. • With great ease, Michael jumped up on the table.

50. Find the prepositional phrases and their objects. 4. After leaving the island of Curacao, their ship was attacked one day outside of Panama.