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Which day would you like OWL quizzes due (4 AM)

10. Which day would you like OWL quizzes due (4 AM). Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday. Chapter 5. Chemical Reactions. Dissolution of (a) Ionic and (b) Molecular Compounds. Electrolytes. All salts are strong electrolytes, that is they dissociate into ions in solution

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Which day would you like OWL quizzes due (4 AM)

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  1. 10 Which day would you like OWL quizzes due (4 AM) • Monday • Tuesday • Wednesday • Thursday • Friday

  2. Chapter 5 Chemical Reactions

  3. Dissolution of (a) Ionic and(b) Molecular Compounds

  4. Electrolytes • All salts are strong electrolytes, that is they dissociate into ions in solution • If they are significantly soluble then the dissolved ions make the solution a good conductor of electricity • Molecular compounds except for acids and bases are non-electrolytes, non-conductors

  5. Exceptions in red may show up on exams

  6. Illustration of SomeSolubility Rules

  7. 130 10 0 0 Which of the following salts is insoluble in water • Na2S • (NH4)3PO4 • Ag2SO4 • Ba(OH)2 • AgI

  8. Precipitation Reactions If either of the possible products of a double replacement are in soluble then a precipitate will form. A chemical reaction occurs. If both possible products are soluble there is no reaction.

  9. Precipitation of Silver Chloride AgNO3 + NaCl  AgCl + NaNO3 precipitate

  10. 130 10 0 0 Mixing which of the following pairs of solutions will result in formation of a precipitate? • NaCl and Ba(NO3)2 • K2SO4 and Ba(C2H3O2)2 • FeSO4 and KI • NaBr and Cr(NO3)3 • MgSO4 and CuCl2

  11. Writing equations for Precipitation Reactions Na3PO4 + FeSO4 • Swap partners – Na2SO4 + Fe3(PO4)2 • Check solubility rules – Fe3(PO4)2 is insoluble • Write unbalanced equation –Na3PO4(aq)+FeSO4(aq)Na2SO4(aq)+Fe3(PO4)2(s) • Balance –2Na3PO4(aq)+3FeSO4(aq)3Na2SO4(aq)+Fe3(PO4)2(s)

  12. Ionic Equations • Write the balanced equation of reaction 2Na3PO4(aq)+3FeSO4(aq)3Na2SO4(aq)+Fe3(PO4)2(s) • Total Ionic Equation – Separate all aqueous strong electrolytes into ions: 6Na+(aq) + 2PO43-(aq) + 3Fe2+(aq) + 3SO42-(aq)  6Na+(aq) + 3SO42-(aq) + Fe3(PO4)2(s) • Net Ionic Equation – Eliminate spectator ions 2PO43-(aq) + 3Fe2+(aq)  Fe3(PO4)2(s)

  13. Acids • substances that donates H+ ions to solution • sour-tasting substances • substances whose aqueous solutions are capable of turning blue litmus indicators red • dissolves certain metals to form salts • react with bases or alkalis to form salts

  14. Bases • substances that donates a OH- ion to solution • hydroxides and oxides of metals • bitter tasting, slippery solutions • turn litmus blue • react with acids to form salts

  15. Ionization of Acids in Water Strong electrolyte Weak electrolyte

  16. Common Acids and Bases Learn All othersare weak

  17. Neutralization Reactions acid + base  “salt” + water HCl + NaOH  NaCl + H2O H2SO4 + 2KOH  K2SO4 + 2H2O

  18. Strong vs. Weak Acids and Bases • strong – completely ionized • separate into ions in ionic equation • weak – partially ionized • keep intact in ionic equation

  19. Ionic Equations HCl(aq) + NaOH(aq)  NaCl(aq) + H2O(l) Total Ionic Equation: H+ + Cl- + Na+ + OH-  Na+ +Cl- + H2O Net Ionic Equation: H+(aq) + OH-(aq)  H2O(l)

  20. Ionic Equations H3PO4(aq) + 3KOH(aq)  K3PO4(aq) + 3H2O(l) Total Ionic Equation: H3PO4 + 3K+ + 3OH-  3K+ + PO43- + 3H2O Net Ionic Equation: H3PO4(aq) + 3OH-(aq) PO43-(aq) + 3H2O(l)

  21. 130 10 0 0 What is the net ionic equation for the reaction of acetic acid with NaOH? • H++OH-H2O • H++NaOHH2O+Na+ • CH3COOH+OH-CH3COO-+H2O • Na++ CH3COO-NaCH3COO

  22. Gas-Forming Exchange Reaction

  23. Reaction of Metal Carbonates with Acids CaCO3(s) + 2HCl(aq) CaCl2(aq) + H2CO3(aq) H2CO3(aq) H2O +CO2(g) Carbonic acid is unstable and releases carbon dioxide gas Total Ionic Equation: CaCO3(s) + 2H+ + 2Cl- Ca2+ + 2Cl- + H2O + CO2(g) Net Ionic Equation: CaCO3(s) + 2H+(aq) Ca2+(aq) + H2O(l) + CO2(g)

  24. Reaction of Metal Sulfites and Sulfides with Acids CaSO3(s) + 2HCl(aq) CaCl2(aq) + H2SO3(aq) H2SO3(aq) H2O +SO2(g) Net Ionic Equation: CaSO3(s) + 2H+(aq) Ca2+(aq) + H2O(l) + SO2(g) Na2S(aq) + 2HCl(aq) 2NaCl(aq) + H2S(g) Net Ionic Equation: S2-(aq) + 2H+(aq) H2S(g)

  25. 130 10 0 0 Which of the following is a gas forming reaction? • Na2CO3+Ba(OH)2 • AgNO3+Na2S  • ZnCO3+HNO3  • HCl+CuSO4 

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