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Relationships between Convectively Coupled Kelvin Waves and Extratropical Wave Activity. George N. Kiladis Klaus Weickmann Brant Liebmann NOAA, Physical Sciences Division Earth System Research Laboratory CIRES, University of Colorado.
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Relationships between Convectively Coupled Kelvin Waves and Extratropical Wave Activity George N. Kiladis Klaus Weickmann Brant Liebmann NOAA, Physical Sciences Division Earth System Research Laboratory CIRES, University of Colorado
Or:Some (as yet only partially explained) observations of Kelvin Waves and Associated Extratropical Disturbances
Data Sources Cloud Archive User Services (CLAUS) Brightness Temperature 8 times daily, .5 resolution July 1983-September 2005 NCEP-NCAR Reanalysis products 4 times daily, 17 pressure levels, 2.5 resolution
Key Papers: Lindzen, R. D., 1967: Planetary waves on beta-planes. Mon. Wea. Rev. Hoskins, B. J. and T. Ambrizzi 1993: Rossby wave propagation on a realistic longitudinally varying flow. J. Atmos. Sci. Zhang, C. and P. J. Webster, 1989: Effects of zonal flows on equatorially-trapped waves. J. Atmos. Sci. Zhang, C. and P. J. Webster, 1992: Laterally forced equatorial perturbations in a linear model. J. Atmos. Sci. Yang, G. –Y. and B. J. Hoskins 1996: Propagation of Rossby waves of non-zero frequency. J. Atmos. Sci. Hoskins, B. J., and G. –Y. Yang, G. –Y. 2000: The equatorial response to higher latitude forcing. J. Atmos. Sci. Roundy, P. E., 2008: Analysis of convectively coupled Kelvin waves in the Indian Ocean MJO. J. Atmos. Sci. Dias, J. and O. Pauluis, 2009: Convectively coupled Kelvin waves propagating along an ITCZ. J. Atmos. Sci. Ferguson, J., B. Khouider, M. Namazi, 2009: Two-way interactions between equatorially-trapped waves and the barotropic flow. Chinese Ann. Math.
Theoretical Considerations:Effects of Meridional Shear in the Zonal Wind Differential advection leads to straining and deformation: Affects shape and group velocity Wave-guiding: Trapping of Rossby wave energy along jets, extratropical waves are guided towards low latitudes in certain regions Non-Doppler Effect: Meridional shear modifies the -effect, leading to differences in equivalent depths and equatorial trapping Critical Line: Where the zonal phase speed of a Rossby Wave equals that of the background zonal wind (waves are absorbed or perhaps reflected here).
200 hPa Climatological Zonal Wind, Dec.-Feb. 1979-2004 Contour interval 5 ms-1
200 hPa Climatological Zonal Wind, June-Aug. 1979-2004 Contour interval 5 ms-1
OLR and 200 hPa Flow Regressed against <30 day filtered OLR (scaled -20 W m2) at 10N, 150W for Dec.-Feb. 1979-2004 Day 0 Streamfunction (contours 5 X 105 m2 s-1) Wind (vectors, largest around 10 ms-1) OLR (shading starts at +/- 6 W s-2), negative blue Kiladis, 1998
OLR and 200 hPa Flow Regressed against <30 day filtered OLR (scaled -20 W m2) at 10N, 150W for Dec.-Feb. 1979-2004 Day-5 Streamfunction (contours 5 X 105 m2 s-1) Wind (vectors, largest around 10 ms-1) OLR (shading starts at +/- 6 W s-2), negative blue
OLR and 200 hPa Flow Regressed against <30 day filtered OLR (scaled -20 W m2) at 10N, 150W for Dec.-Feb. 1979-2004 Day-4 Streamfunction (contours 5 X 105 m2 s-1) Wind (vectors, largest around 10 ms-1) OLR (shading starts at +/- 6 W s-2), negative blue
OLR and 200 hPa Flow Regressed against <30 day filtered OLR (scaled -20 W m2) at 10N, 150W for Dec.-Feb. 1979-2004 Day-3 Streamfunction (contours 5 X 105 m2 s-1) Wind (vectors, largest around 10 ms-1) OLR (shading starts at +/- 6 W s-2), negative blue
OLR and 200 hPa Flow Regressed against <30 day filtered OLR (scaled -20 W m2) at 10N, 150W for Dec.-Feb. 1979-2004 Day-2 Streamfunction (contours 5 X 105 m2 s-1) Wind (vectors, largest around 10 ms-1) OLR (shading starts at +/- 6 W s-2), negative blue
OLR and 200 hPa Flow Regressed against <30 day filtered OLR (scaled -20 W m2) at 10N, 150W for Dec.-Feb. 1979-2004 Day-1 Streamfunction (contours 5 X 105 m2 s-1) Wind (vectors, largest around 10 ms-1) OLR (shading starts at +/- 6 W s-2), negative blue
OLR and 200 hPa Flow Regressed against <30 day filtered OLR (scaled -20 W m2) at 10N, 150W for Dec.-Feb. 1979-2004 Day 0 Streamfunction (contours 5 X 105 m2 s-1) Wind (vectors, largest around 10 ms-1) OLR (shading starts at +/- 6 W s-2), negative blue
OLR and 200 hPa Flow Regressed against <30 day filtered OLR (scaled -20 W m2) at 10N, 150W for Dec.-Feb. 1979-2004 Day+1 Streamfunction (contours 5 X 105 m2 s-1) Wind (vectors, largest around 10 ms-1) OLR (shading starts at +/- 6 W s-2), negative blue
OLR and 200 hPa Flow Regressed against <30 day filtered OLR (scaled -20 W m2) at 10N, 150W for Dec.-Feb. 1979-2004 Day+2 Streamfunction (contours 5 X 105 m2 s-1) Wind (vectors, largest around 10 ms-1) OLR (shading starts at +/- 6 W s-2), negative blue
OLR and 200 hPa Flow Regressed against <30 day filtered OLR (scaled -20 W m2) at 7.5N, 30W for Dec.-Feb. 1979-2004 Day-2 Streamfunction (contours 5 X 105 m2 s-1) Wind (vectors, largest around 10 ms-1) OLR (shading starts at +/- 6 W s-2), negative blue Kiladis and Weickmann, 1997
OLR and 200 hPa Flow Regressed against <30 day filtered OLR (scaled -20 W m2) at 7.5N, 30W for Dec.-Feb. 1979-2004 Day-1 Streamfunction (contours 5 X 105 m2 s-1) Wind (vectors, largest around 10 ms-1) OLR (shading starts at +/- 6 W s-2), negative blue
OLR and 200 hPa Flow Regressed against <30 day filtered OLR (scaled -20 W m2) at 7.5N, 30W for Dec.-Feb. 1979-2004 Day 0 Streamfunction (contours 5 X 105 m2 s-1) Wind (vectors, largest around 10 ms-1) OLR (shading starts at +/- 6 W s-2), negative blue
OLR and 200 hPa Flow Regressed against <30 day filtered OLR (scaled -20 W m2) at 7.5N, 30W for Dec.-Feb. 1979-2004 Day+1 Streamfunction (contours 5 X 105 m2 s-1) Wind (vectors, largest around 10 ms-1) OLR (shading starts at +/- 6 W s-2), negative blue
OLR and 200 hPa Flow Regressed against <30 day filtered OLR (scaled -20 W m2) at 7.5N, 30W for Dec.-Feb. 1979-2004 Day+2 Streamfunction (contours 5 X 105 m2 s-1) Wind (vectors, largest around 10 ms-1) OLR (shading starts at +/- 6 W s-2), negative blue
OBSERVATIONS OF KELVIN AND INERTIO-GRAVITY WAVES CLAUS Brightness Temperature (2.5S–7.5N), April-May 1987
OBSERVATIONS OF KELVIN AND INERTIO-GRAVITY WAVES CLAUS Brightness Temperature (2.5S–7.5N), April-May 1987 28 ms-1
OLR and 850 hPa Flow Regressed against Kelvin-filtered OLR (scaled -20 W m2) at 7.5N, 172.5W for June-Aug. 1983-2005 Day+1 Geopotential Height (contours .5 m) Wind (vectors, largest around 5 ms-1) OLR (shading starts at +/- 6 W s-2), negative blue Straub and Kiladis, 1997
Kelvin Wave Theoretical Structure Wind, Pressure (contours), Divergence, blue negative
OLR and 850 hPa Flow Regressed against Kelvin-filtered OLR (scaled -20 W m2) at 7.5N, 172.5W for June-Aug. 1983-2005 Day+1 Streamfunction (contours 2 X 105 m2 s-1) Wind (vectors, largest around 2 ms-1) OLR (shading starts at +/- 6 W s-2), negative blue
OLR and 200 hPa Flow Regressed against Kelvin-filtered OLR (scaled -20 W m2) at 7.5N, 172.5W for June-Aug. 1983-2005 Day+1 Streamfunction (contours 2 X 105 m2 s-1) Wind (vectors, largest around 2 ms-1) OLR (shading starts at +/- 6 W s-2), negative blue
OLR and 200 hPa Flow Regressed against Kelvin-filtered OLR (scaled -20 W m2) at 7.5N, 172.5W for June-Aug. 1983-2005 Day-6 Streamfunction (contours 2 X 105 m2 s-1) Wind (vectors, largest around 2 ms-1) OLR (shading starts at +/- 6 W s-2), negative blue
OLR and 200 hPa Flow Regressed against Kelvin-filtered OLR (scaled -20 W m2) at 7.5N, 172.5W for June-Aug. 1983-2005 Day-5 Streamfunction (contours 2 X 105 m2 s-1) Wind (vectors, largest around 2 ms-1) OLR (shading starts at +/- 6 W s-2), negative blue
OLR and 200 hPa Flow Regressed against Kelvin-filtered OLR (scaled -20 W m2) at 7.5N, 172.5W for June-Aug. 1983-2005 Day-4 Streamfunction (contours 2 X 105 m2 s-1) Wind (vectors, largest around 2 ms-1) OLR (shading starts at +/- 6 W s-2), negative blue
OLR and 200 hPa Flow Regressed against Kelvin-filtered OLR (scaled -20 W m2) at 7.5N, 172.5W for June-Aug. 1983-2005 Day-3 Streamfunction (contours 2 X 105 m2 s-1) Wind (vectors, largest around 2 ms-1) OLR (shading starts at +/- 6 W s-2), negative blue
OLR and 200 hPa Flow Regressed against Kelvin-filtered OLR (scaled -20 W m2) at 7.5N, 172.5W for June-Aug. 1983-2005 Day-2 Streamfunction (contours 2 X 105 m2 s-1) Wind (vectors, largest around 2 ms-1) OLR (shading starts at +/- 6 W s-2), negative blue
OLR and 200 hPa Flow Regressed against Kelvin-filtered OLR (scaled -20 W m2) at 7.5N, 172.5W for June-Aug. 1983-2005 Day-1 Streamfunction (contours 2 X 105 m2 s-1) Wind (vectors, largest around 2 ms-1) OLR (shading starts at +/- 6 W s-2), negative blue
OLR and 200 hPa Flow Regressed against Kelvin-filtered OLR (scaled -20 W m2) at 7.5N, 172.5W for June-Aug. 1983-2005 Day 0 Streamfunction (contours 2 X 105 m2 s-1) Wind (vectors, largest around 2 ms-1) OLR (shading starts at +/- 6 W s-2), negative blue
OLR and 200 hPa Flow Regressed against Kelvin-filtered OLR (scaled -20 W m2) at 7.5N, 172.5W for June-Aug. 1983-2005 Day+1 Streamfunction (contours 2 X 105 m2 s-1) Wind (vectors, largest around 2 ms-1) OLR (shading starts at +/- 6 W s-2), negative blue
OLR and 200 hPa Flow Regressed against Kelvin-filtered OLR (scaled -20 W m2) at 7.5N, 172.5W for June-Aug. 1983-2005 Day+2 Streamfunction (contours 2 X 105 m2 s-1) Wind (vectors, largest around 2 ms-1) OLR (shading starts at +/- 6 W s-2), negative blue
OLR and 200 hPa Flow Regressed against Kelvin-filtered OLR (scaled -20 W m2) at 7.5N, 172.5W for June-Aug. 1983-2005 Day+3 Streamfunction (contours 2 X 105 m2 s-1) Wind (vectors, largest around 2 ms-1) OLR (shading starts at +/- 6 W s-2), negative blue
OLR and 200 hPa Flow Regressed against Kelvin-filtered OLR (scaled -20 W m2) at 7.5N, 172.5W for June-Aug. 1983-2005 Day+4 Streamfunction (contours 2 X 105 m2 s-1) Wind (vectors, largest around 2 ms-1) OLR (shading starts at +/- 6 W s-2), negative blue
OLR and 200 hPa Flow Regressed against Kelvin-filtered OLR (scaled -20 W m2) at 7.5N, 172.5W for June-Aug. 1983-2005 Day-10 Streamfunction (contours 2 X 105 m2 s-1) Wind (vectors, largest around 2 ms-1) OLR (shading starts at +/- 6 W s-2), negative blue
OLR and 200 hPa Flow Regressed against Kelvin-filtered OLR (scaled -20 W m2) at 7.5N, 172.5W for June-Aug. 1983-2005 Day-9 Streamfunction (contours 2 X 105 m2 s-1) Wind (vectors, largest around 2 ms-1) OLR (shading starts at +/- 6 W s-2), negative blue
OLR and 200 hPa Flow Regressed against Kelvin-filtered OLR (scaled -20 W m2) at 7.5N, 172.5W for June-Aug. 1983-2005 Day-8 Streamfunction (contours 2 X 105 m2 s-1) Wind (vectors, largest around 2 ms-1) OLR (shading starts at +/- 6 W s-2), negative blue
OLR and 200 hPa Flow Regressed against Kelvin-filtered OLR (scaled -20 W m2) at 7.5N, 172.5W for June-Aug. 1983-2005 Day-7 Streamfunction (contours 2 X 105 m2 s-1) Wind (vectors, largest around 2 ms-1) OLR (shading starts at +/- 6 W s-2), negative blue
OLR and 200 hPa Flow Regressed against Kelvin-filtered OLR (scaled -20 W m2) at 7.5N, 172.5W for June-Aug. 1983-2005 Day-6 Streamfunction (contours 2 X 105 m2 s-1) Wind (vectors, largest around 2 ms-1) OLR (shading starts at +/- 6 W s-2), negative blue
OLR and 200 hPa Flow Regressed against Kelvin-filtered OLR (scaled -20 W m2) at Eq., 90E for June-Aug. 1983-2005 Day 0 Streamfunction (contours 2 X 105 m2 s-1) Wind (vectors, largest around 2 ms-1) OLR (shading starts at +/- 6 W s-2), negative blue
OLR and 200 hPa Flow Regressed against Kelvin-filtered OLR (scaled -20 W m2) at Eq., 90E for March-May 1983-2005 Day 0 Streamfunction (contours 2 X 105 m2 s-1) Wind (vectors, largest around 2 ms-1) OLR (shading starts at +/- 6 W s-2), negative blue
OLR and 200 hPa Flow Regressed against Kelvin-filtered OLR (scaled -20 W m2) at Eq., 90E for Dec.-Jan. 1983-2005 Day 0 Streamfunction (contours 2 X 105 m2 s-1) Wind (vectors, largest around 2 ms-1) OLR (shading starts at +/- 6 W s-2), negative blue
OLR and 200 hPa Flow Regressed against <30 day filtered OLR (scaled -20 W m2) at 7.5N, 30W for Dec.-Feb. 1979-2004 Day 0 Streamfunction (contours 5 X 105 m2 s-1) Wind (vectors, largest around 10 ms-1) OLR (shading starts at +/- 6 W s-2), negative blue
OLR and 200 hPa Flow Regressed against Kelvin-filtered OLR (scaled -20 W m2) at 2.5N, 0.0 for March-May 1983-2005 Day-1 Streamfunction (contours 2 X 105 m2 s-1) Wind (vectors, largest around 2 ms-1) OLR (shading starts at +/- 6 W s-2), negative blue
OLR and 200 hPa Flow Regressed against Kelvin-filtered OLR (scaled -20 W m2) at 2.5N, 0.0 for March-May 1983-2005 Day+1 Streamfunction (contours 2 X 105 m2 s-1) Wind (vectors, largest around 2 ms-1) OLR (shading starts at +/- 6 W s-2), negative blue