Should publishers offer OA?

1. Should publishers offer OA? Thomas J. Walker University of Florida

2. Outline • OA models for publishers • Two BioOne publishers that offer OA • What BioOne publishers should do

3. Who benefits from open access? • Researchers • Teachers • Students • The public

4. Who is afraid of open access? • Most publishers

5. Open Access models • Author self-archiving

6. Open Access models • Author self-archiving • OA sold by the article(=“hybrid model”)

7. PNAS3 Apr 2007 issue $1100 price of OA per article24%(16 of the 68 articles in this issue are OA)

8. PNAS3 Apr 2007 issue $1100 price of OA per article24%OA All articles freelyweb accessible6 months afterpublication

9. Citations to articles published in PNAS in last half of 2004 G. Eysenbach. 2006. The open access advantage. J Med Internet Res 8(2).

10. Open Access models • Author self-archiving • OA sold by the article(=“hybrid model”) • 100% OA

11. FloridaEntomological Society 100%OA since 1994

12. Florida Entomological Society • 1993 OA endorsed • 1994 OA via PDF to all articles (1994 forward)

13. Florida Entomological Society • 1993 OA endorsed • 1994 OA via PDF to all articles (1994 forward) • 1999 OA to complete back-file (1917-1993)

14. FES: Revenues from library subscriptions

15. Florida Entomological Society • 1993 OA endorsed • 1994 OA via PDF to all articles (1994 forward) • 1999 OA to complete back file (1917-1993) • 2001 Obligatory OA fees

16. Florida Entomologist Obligatory OA fees Articles $100 Scientific notes $ 50

17. FES: Initial year of OA fees

18. Florida Entomological Society • 1993 OA endorsed • 1994 OA via PDF to all articles (1994 forward) • 1999 OA to complete back file (1917-1993) • 2001 Obligatory OA fees • 2002 OA on BioOne (2002 forward)

19. FES: Summary of OA revenue effects

20. Entomological Society of America currently ca. 67% OA

21. Entomological Society of America • 1995 GB approves OA sales • 1997 GB cancels approval • 1999 GB approves OA sales again • 2000 OA sales begin!

22. ESA:Percentage of authors buying OA

23. ESA: Gross revenues from OA sales

24. How ESA’s hybrid model generated >$74,000 per year • Year No. of OA Average articles price • 550 $143 • 510 $146 • 2006 537 $150 ESA price for OA by the article = 75% of the cost of 100 paper reprints

25. Current prices of OA by the article Entomological Society of America [ESA](1 to 20 pages)$55 to $314 Annals of the Entomological Society of AmericaJournal of Economic EntomologyEnvironmental EntomologyJournal of Medical Entomology

26. Current prices of OA by the article Entomological Society of America [ESA](1 to 20 pages)$55 to $314 Annals of the Entomological Society of AmericaJournal of Economic EntomologyEnvironmental EntomologyJournal of Medical Entomology American Society of Limnology and Oceanography [ASLO] $350Limnology and Oceanography Limnology and Oceanography: Methods National Academy of Sciences $1100Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS) Company of Biologists $2560Journal of Experimental Biology Development Journal of Cell Science Springer $3000OpenChoice Elsevier $3000Sponsored Article program Taylor & Francis $3100iOpenAccess

27. What BioOne publishers should do…. • Sell OA to your authors at a fair price

28. Setting the price of OA by the article • Price too high • Authors/members will recognize the attempt to profiteer • Service will not be profitable

29. Setting the price of OA by the article • Price too high • Authors/members will recognize the attempt to profiteer • Service will not be profitable • Price too low • So many will buy OA that restricted-access revenues will be threatened

30. What BioOne publishers should do…. • Sell OA to your authors at a fair price • Provide free access to electronic back-files

31. Summary Society-based publishers should be fiscally responsiblefacilitators of OA, not opponents. For more on these topics, find my home page (http://tjwalker.ifas.ufl.edu)and click on “Web access to traditionally published journals”