Elements. Compounds and Chemical Reactions

1. Elements. Compounds and Chemical Reactions 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38

2. answer 1. What are the building blocks of matter? Elements.

3. answer 2. Give some metallic properties? Conduct electricity and heat Malleable (bend into shape) Ductile (draw into wires) Most of them are strong

4. answer 3. Where in the Periodic Table would you find the METALS and the NON-METALS? Metals are found to the Left Hand Side of the zigzag line; Non-metals to the Right Hand Side of the zig-zag line

5. answer 4. What is meant by a property of a chemical? A property of a chemical is what it is like or what it can do chemically

6. answer 5. Why are certain elements in the same group? Because they have similar chemical properties

7. answer 6. What are ATOMS? Atoms are very small, particles which make up every element. They are too small to see.

8. answer 7. Write a word equation for: Magnesium burns in oxygen to produce magnesium oxide. Magnesium + Oxygen  Magnesium oxide

9. answer 8. What is a GROUP in the Periodic Table? A column of elements

10. answer 9. Use the Periodic Table in your planner.Give the SYMBOLS for the elements :lead, gold, sodium, potassium and iron? Lead – Pb Gold – Au Sodium – Na Potassium – K Iron - Fe

11. answer 10. What are compounds? Substances made of two or more different types of atom joined together.

12. answer 11. Name the elements present in copper chloride. Copper and Chlorine remember: Copper + Chlorine  Copper chloride

13. answer 12. What is the difference between a compound and a mixture? The atoms of a compound are joined together. The substances in a mixture are NOT joined and can be easily separated.

14. answer 13. What is ELECTROLYSIS? Using ELECTRICITY to break up a compound.

15. answer 14. What is always formed in a chemical reaction? A new substance is always formed a chemical reaction

16. answer 15. Sort these into chemical reaction and physical change. Hair growing, Ice melting, Match burning, Baking cake, Firework exploding, Boiling water Hair growing Ice melting Match burning Boiling Water Baking cake Firework exploding

17. answer 16. What changes might indicate that a chemical reaction has taken place? Energy change Permanent colour change Gas produced (effervescence) Solid formed from two solutions (precipitation)

18. answer 17. What is an EXOTHERMIC reaction? A reaction which releases energy.

19. answer 18. What is EFFERVESCENCE? Effervescence is bubbling and fizzing when a gas is given off .

20. answer 19. What is a PRECIPITATE? A precipitate is a solid which is formed when two solutions react together

21. answer 20. What does -ide at the end of the name of a compound indicate? IDE means that the compound is made up of the TWO elements (the actual elements are obvious from the compound’s name).

22. answer 21. Write a word equation for: Methane burns in oxygen to produce carbon dioxide. Water is also produced. Methane + Oxygen  Carbon + Water Dioxide

23. answer 22. Write the basic chemical formula for water. H2O

24. answer 23. Write the basic chemical formula for carbon dioxide. CO2

25. 24. Name FOUR factors which affect the speed (or rate) of a chemical reaction? Particle Size (Surface Area) Temperature Concentration Use of Catalyst

26. 25. What is a catalyst? A substance which can speed up a reaction, but is not used up in the reaction and can be recovered chemically unchanged

27. 26. What are ENZYMES? Catalysts from living things (Biological catalysts)

28. 27. When can a catalyst NOT speed up a reaction? SOME reactions DO NOT have a catalyst.

29. 28. Describe how the concentration of reactants affects the speed of a reaction? As reactant concentration increases the speed of reaction increases.

30. 29. Describe how particle size affects the speed of reaction? As particle size decreases the speed of reaction increases

31. 30. Describe how temperature affects the speed of reaction? As temperature increases the speed of reaction increases

32. 31. Why does decreasing the particle size of reactants increase the speed of reaction? Smaller particles give a bigger surface area. This results in more collisions between reactants and therefore faster reactions

33. 32. What is a VARIABLE? Any factor in an experiment which can be changed or varied. e.g. concentration or temperature of the solution used

34. 33. Rates Experiments • Which two of the following experiments could be used to find the effect of changing the particle size?

35. A B 2M hydrochloric acid at 150C 2g of small chalk lumps 2g of small chalk lumps D answer 1M hydrochloric acid at 250C 2g of small chalk lumps 2g of large chalk lump 2M hydrochloric acid at 250C C 2M hydrochloric acid at 250C

36. 34. Rates Experiments • Which two of the following experiments could be used to find the effect of changing the concentration of the acid?

37. A B 2M hydrochloric acid at 250C 2M hydrochloric acid at 150C 2g of small chalk lumps 2g of small chalk lumps D C answer 1M hydrochloric acid at 250C 2M hydrochloric acid at 250C 2g of small chalk lumps 2g of large chalk lump

38. 35. Rates Experiments • Which two of the following experiments could be used to find the effect of changing the temperature of the acid?

39. A B 2M hydrochloric acid at 250C 2M hydrochloric acid at 150C 2g of small chalk lumps 2g of small chalk lumps D C answer 1M hydrochloric acid at 250C 2M hydrochloric acid at 250C 2g of small chalk lumps 2g of large chalk lump

40. answer 36. What is the test for hydrogen? Burns with a pop.

41. answer 37. What is the test for oxygen? Relights a glowing splint.

42. answer 38. What is the test for carbon dioxide? Turns lime water cloudy.