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Higher Resolution, Higher Frame Rate, and Higher Dynamic Range in Context

Higher Resolution, Higher Frame Rate, and Higher Dynamic Range in Context. Mark Schubin, SchubinCafe.com (expanded version on YouTube: UHD bang). Single-Camera “4K” Shooting. Lens MTF (no long-range zoom) Storage speed, capacity Multiple benefits for HD output reframing in post

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Higher Resolution, Higher Frame Rate, and Higher Dynamic Range in Context

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  1. Higher Resolution, Higher Frame Rate, and Higher Dynamic Range in Context Mark Schubin, SchubinCafe.com (expanded version on YouTube: UHD bang) Mark Schubin, HPA Tech Retreat, 2014 February 20

  2. Single-Camera “4K” Shooting • Lens MTF (no long-range zoom) • Storage speed, capacity • Multiple benefits for HD output • reframing in post • image stabilization in post • easier filtering • oversampling • possible single-sensor 3D • Increased sharpness • somewhat Resulting “HD” Desired HD Skewed HD 4k image stabilization or reframing 3D via side-by-side images on a 4K sensor (e.g., Zepar lenses on Phantom 65) Mark Schubin, HPA Tech Retreat, 2014 February 20

  3. HPA on “4K” - 2000 to 2014 ARRI • earlier DoD • Lockheed-Martin 3-CCD • (12Mpel each) • Dalsa Origin • Red One • ARRI D20/21 • The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo Mark Schubin, HPA Tech Retreat, 2014 February 20

  4. 2013 Top Box-Office Movies • 1: The Hunger Games: Catching Fire - film (which is “dead”) • 2: Iron Man 3 - ARRI Alexa (and others) • 3: Frozen - animated • 4: Despicable Me 2 - animated • 5: Man of Steel - film (which is “dead”) • 6: Monsters University - animated • 7: Gravity - ARRI Alexa • 8: The Hobbit: The Desolation of Smaug - Red Epic • 9: Fast & Furious 6 - film (which is “dead”) • 10: Oz the Great and Powerful - Red Epic ARRI Alexa 2880 x 1620 ---------------------- 2880 < 3k Mark Schubin, HPA Tech Retreat, 2014 February 20

  5. Live on February 27 (next Thursday) Mark Schubin, HPA Tech Retreat, 2014 February 20

  6. EBU at HPA 2013 - 56” Screen “4K”@60 fps = 8x uncompressed data rate of either 720p60 or 1080i30 Mark Schubin, HPA Tech Retreat, 2014 February 20

  7. EBU at IBC 2013 • approx. • full-grade • increase • per • doubling • of frame • rate for • chosen • content: • 2x data per grade • w/ “4k” = 16x rate Mark Schubin, HPA Tech Retreat, 2014 February 20

  8. Source Material Matters Mark Schubin, HPA Tech Retreat, 2014 February 20

  9. HDR • “A ‘4k’ display delivers the best HD you’ve ever seen” report on “The Great Debate” Mark Schubin, HPA Tech Retreat, 2014 February 20

  10. HDR • “A ‘4k’ display delivers the best HD you’ve ever seen” ARRI side-by-side Alexa demo HDR HD and 4K displays; quoted person agreed that HDR HD looked better • HDR can increase picture detail (reduced clipping) • consumer TVs already have more DR than reference monitors • Contrast contributes to “sharpness” • higher resolution can result in reduced contrast Mark Schubin, HPA Tech Retreat, 2014 February 20

  11. At Finer Detail Contrast Affects Sharpness More contrast “sharpness” proportional to area or square of area under curve resolution Mark Schubin, HPA Tech Retreat, 2014 February 20

  12. True HDR Even More contrast resolution Mark Schubin, HPA Tech Retreat, 2014 February 20

  13. While We Await HDR Viewer Test Results photo by Deborah McAdams Mark Schubin, HPA Tech Retreat, 2014 February 20

  14. HDR Data Rate Increase • Theoretically: none • bit-depth simply determines SNR (~ 6 dB/bit) when at least ½-LSB is noise • Practically: causes contouring • contouring halved per bit • contouring eliminated when ½-LSB matches or less than noise • 12-bit over 10-bit = 0.2x rate • No EBU data released yet, but, if only 0.5-grade, 0.4x/grade Mark Schubin, HPA Tech Retreat, 2014 February 20

  15. Mark Schubin, HPA Tech Retreat, 2014 February 20

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