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Prof. Neil Gershenfeld Director http://cba.mit.edu/~neilg NSF CCR-0122419. Cynthia Breazeal (MAS) Bill Butera (MAS) Isaac Chuang (MAS, Physics) Drew Endy (Bio.) Neil Gershenfeld (MAS) Kim Hamad-Schifferli (Mech. E.) Joseph Jacobson (MAS) Tom Knight (CSAIL) Seth Lloyd (Mech. E.)
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Prof. Neil Gershenfeld Director http://cba.mit.edu/~neilg NSF CCR-0122419
Cynthia Breazeal (MAS) Bill Butera (MAS) Isaac Chuang (MAS, Physics) Drew Endy (Bio.) Neil Gershenfeld (MAS) Kim Hamad-Schifferli (Mech. E.) Joseph Jacobson (MAS) Tom Knight (CSAIL) Seth Lloyd (Mech. E.) Scott Manalis (MAS, Bio. E.) Bakhtiar Mikhak (MAS) Joe Paradiso (MAS) Pablo Parrilo (EECS) Sandy Pentland (MAS) Mitchel Resnick (MAS) Rahul Sarpeshkar (EECS, RLE) Larry Sass (Arch.) Sebastian Seung (BCS, Physics) Peter Shor (Math) Alex Slocum (Mech. E.) Karen Sollins (EECS, LCS) Timothy M. Swager (Chem.) Shuguang Zhang (Bio. E.) CBA People
in out Fabrication m mm μm nm
Internet Hosts 1974 2004
Network Architecture (Vicente Guallart, Barcelona)
Media House Infrastructure (Vicente Guallart, Matt Hancher, Raffi Krikorian) ~ $, kbps power programming analog I/O ethernet serial control
Economies of Scale (1999) • Computers, Electronics: $437B • GB, GHz • Construction: $858B • G$
IØ is: • IP to leaf nodes • peers don’t need servers • physical identity • compiled standards • open standards • big bits • end-to-end modulation
IØ is not: • BACnet • LonWorks • X10 • CEBus • CANbus • emWare • ECHONET • CCN • I2C • Fieldbus • … • IP to leaf nodes • peers don’t need servers • physical identity • compiled standards • open standards • big bits • end-to-end modulation
ReReReinventing The Internet • inadequate address space • need for naming • routing across networks • redundancy for reliability • ...
3x108 m/s / 100 m = 3x106 s-1 BigBits time AC IR RF frequency
UDP, TCP End-To-EndModulation IP (no numbers) SLIP ASCII 8N1 Δt start stop 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 “I”
IRRFpowerline multidropRFID bar codes mag stripe telephone telegraph IRDA Bluetooth Homeplug RS-485 ISO 18000/EPC UPC ANSI/ISO V.92 Morse Code IØ
Cerf, Kahn, Kleinrock, Cohen, Postel (~74): internetworking Saltzer, Reed, Clark (~84): end-to-end IP The Internet SATNET Ethernet PRNET
IØ Interdevice Internetworking end-to-end modulation powerline optical RFID