Human Health

1. Human Health L5.2

2. Systems Working Together • Several systems in the body work together to transport food and oxygen, the materials for cellular respiration, to cells. • Nervous System- (brain and sense organs)- gathers and responds to information about the environment. • Digestive system- (mouth and stomach), takes in food and breaks it down into smaller molecules that can be used by cells. • Circulatory system- (heart and blood) delivers those molecules to all the cells of the body • Respiratory system-(lungs)- takes in oxygen from the air and passes it to the circulatory system.

3. Food and Health • The food you eat contain a variety of nutrients. • Starches and sugars are used for energy - Example of foods that contain starches: potatoes, pasta, and bread • Proteins are used for building materials in your body -Examples: You get protein from meat, fish, cheese, eggs, beans, milk, and other dairy products. • Vitamins and minerals are nutrients- They help the body function properly and are found in a variety of fruits and vegetables. • Lipids- provide energy and some materials for growth. - Examples: fats and oils

4. Benefits of a good diet • A good variety of nutrients will give you the energy that you need. • Give you the materials you need to grow and maintain healthy life processes.

5. Unbalanced Diets • Could lead to health problems. • Many people eat more sugars, fats, and starches than are needed. The body then takes the unneeded energy, and stores the extra energy as fat. • Then the person will gain weight. • Being overweight could cause damage to the heart and lead to other health problems.

6. Food • Vegetables and fruits should make up the largest part of your diet. • Grains and proteins such as lean meats and cheese should make up less.

7. Healthy Diets • It is better to drink milk and water instead of sweetened soft drinks. • Exercise is very important to your health, because it keeps you heart and muscles strong.

8. Tobacco and Health • Tobacco products are toxic. They are harmful to the body. • Cigarettes contain many toxic substances. -carbon monoxide -tar • Tar and tobacco contain chemicals called carcinogens. • Carcinogens are substances that cause cancer. • Addiction- A physical dependence on a substance.

9. Alcohol, Drugs, and Health • A drug is a substance that causes a change in a person’s body or behavior. medicines: -pain relievers -allergy medicines • Not all drugs are medicines • Example: nicotine is a drug in tobacco • Drug abuse- The use of a drug in a way that is not helpful is called drug abuse. - Examples of drug abuse: heroin and cocaine

10. How drugs affect the Body • Most illegal drugs can affect the nervous system and cause nervousness and loss of appetite. • They could cause decreased alertness, reduced muscle coordination, and poor reflexes. • Long term effects: brain damage, memory loss, mental confusion, liver and heart damage, and addiction.

11. Alcohol is a drug • Since adults can purchase alcohol legally, it is often abused. • It affects judgment and people will react slowly. Almost one-third of the deaths caused by car accidents has alcohol usually involved.