Grammar Unit16 Present Perfect: for and since

Grammar Unit16Present Perfect: for and since

Unit 16Present Perfect: since and for Overview Unit 16 focuses on the uses of the present perfect with since and for. The present perfect describes something that began in the past and continues into the present (and may continue into the future). It is used with since to show when something started and for to show how long a present condition has lasted.

Grammar in Context Vocabulary After you read. 1) true 2) false 3) false 4) true • Contest: a competition, usually a small one • Individuality: the quality that makes someone or something different from all others. • Support: to provide enough money for someone to live. • Dual: having two of something, or two parts.

Present Perfect: Since and For Present perfect Examples Bob has lived in California since 1995. His friends have lived in Brazil for about 30 years. He’s lived in California since 1995. They’ve lived in Brazil for about 30 years. • 2 words are needed for the present perfect • The present perfect is formed with have + past participle • The present perfect with for and since expresses things that began in the past and continue into the present. • Have and has are contracted in everyday speech-especially after pronouns. • The contraction for has is the same as for be: he’s, she’s, it’s. Use of the past participle marks the present perfect.

Negative present perfect Negative present perfect examples Bob and Jen have not married. They haven’t married. Bob has not stopped since then. He hasn’t stopped since then. • Negative present perfect is formed with the form of have + not + past participle • The contractions are haven’t of hasn’t + past participle.

Questions Yes/no and wh- questions Examples Has he won any prizes? Yes, he has. Or No, he hasn’t. How long has he been a skater? Since 1991. • Yes/no questions are formed with the form of have + subject + past participle. • Wh- questions are formed with a wh- word + form of have+ subject + past participle.

Note 1 Present perfect with for and since Examples I have been a teacher since 2003. I started being a teacher in 2003, and I’m still a teacher. • Expresses something that started in the past and continues into the present.

Note 2 Since Examples Since July Since spring Since I graduated Since last week Since they were born Since my parents moved here • Since is used + a point in time. • A point in time can be expressed with a time clause. • The underlined phrases are time clauses.

Note 3 For Examples For three hours For several weeks For two months For a year I have lived here since 2003. = I have lived here for 7 years. • For is used + a length of time. • For + a length of time can express the same idea as since + a point in time.

Restate sentences using for With since With for He has worked here for two days. She has lived in Tokyo for 11 months. They have been in medical school for 6 years. I have had this watch for one day. • He has worked here since last Monday. • She has lived in Tokyo since January. • They have been in medical school since 2004. • I have had this watch since yesterday.

Note 4 Regular and Irregular Verbs Examples They have worked for a big company for several years. They have been here for two hours. • The verb workis a regular verb because it forms the past participle by adding –ed. • Be is an irregular verb because neither the past form nor the past participle are formed by adding –ed.

Regular and Irregular verbs Regular and Irregular verbs Examples Base form Simple past Past participle work worked worked live lived lived decide decided decided spend spent spent meet met met pay paid paid come came come go went gone give gave given • The past participle of regular verbs is the same as the past form. • The past participle of some irregular verbs is the same as the past form. • The past participle of some irregular verbs is not the same as the past form.

Bob Burnquist Article- Page 182find regular and irregular past participles Regular past participles Irregular Past Participles. Taken Had been • Stopped • Earned • lived Appendix 1 on pages A-1-A-2 has a list of irregular past participles.

Let’s Check Exercise 1 Exercise 2 2) for 3) since 4) for 5) since 6) for 7) since 8) for, since • 2) b • 3) a • 4) b • 5) b • 6) a

Let’s Check Exercise 3 Exercise 4 3) have been 4) since 5) have changed 6) since 7) since 8) have taken 9) since 10) have opened 11) since 12) have gone 13) since 14) has become 15) hasn’t competed 16) for • 2) Hasn’t stopped • 3) has been • 4) have lived • 5) have had • 6) haven’t taken • 7) have gone • 8) has skated • 9) has won • 10) has wanted • 11) has come

Let’s Check! Exercise 5 5) How long have you worked as a sports trainer? I’ve been a sports trainer since 1995 or for 11 years. 6) How long have you had a black belt in tae kwon do? I’ve had a black belt for two months. 7) Have you won any awards since then? Yes, I have. 8) How long have you been a member on NEA? I’ve been a member of NEA since 1998 (or for 8 years). • 2) How long have you had your M.A. degree? • I’ve had my M.A. degree since 1995 (or for 9 years) • 3) have you had any more training since you got your M.A.? • Yes, I have. • 4) How long have you been a physical education teacher? • I’ve been a physical education teacher since 1997 or for 9 years.

Powerpoint from CD

Present Perfect Powerpoint Presentation • http://www.slideshare.net/tcher_joe/present-perfect-presentation-804598

Present Perfect Video, Powerpoints, and Exercises • http://www.engvid.com/english-grammar-how-to-use-since-and-for-with-the-present-perfect/ • http://www.authorstream.com/Presentation/dprice-11459-beth-present-perfect-education-ppt-powerpoint/ • http://www.parapal-online.co.uk/exercises/for_since.html

Movie Activity-The Hunger • http://moviesegmentstoassessgrammargoals.blogspot.com/search/label/present%20perfect • Worksheet • Real English lesson on using for and since

U2: I Still Haven’t Found What I’m Looking For Lyrics activity

Grammar Unit16 Present Perfect: for and since