SHRP 2 Safety Implementation: Strategic Planning Using the Data

1. Accelerating solutions for highway safety, renewal, reliability, and capacity SHRP 2 Safety Implementation: Strategic Planning Using the Data Meeting with AASHTO Safety Management August 30, 2012

2. What are the SHRP 2 data? Two linked databases providing unprecedented detail on driver behavior and driver interaction with roadway features • Naturalistic Driving Study (NDS) data – VTTI • record of every trip by volunteer drivers over 12-24 months • 3,100 drivers, male and female, all ages • Roadway data – CTRE • from roadway inventory • from mobile van data collection in study areas

3. NDS Study Design Largest Naturalistic Driving Study Ever Undertaken 3,100 primary drivers, all age/gender groups. 3,900 data years; 2.5M trip files 2 years of data collection some participants for 1 year, some for 2 years Vehicle Types: All light vehicles including Passenger Cars Minivans SUVs Pickup Trucks Six data collection sites Integration w/ detailed roadway information Data useful for next generation of researchers 450 DAS 150 DAS 300 DAS 4/23/2012 Jon Hankey - SHRP 2 S06 3

4. NDS Data Overview Multiple Videos Machine Vision Eyes Forward Monitor Lane Tracker Accelerometer Data (3 axis) Rate Sensors (3 axis) GPS Latitude, Longitude, Elevation, Time, Velocity Forward Radar X and Y positions X and Y Velocities Cell Phone Records Beginning and end of all cell phone conversations on four major carriers Passive alcohol sensor Illuminance sensor Infrared illumination Incident push button Audio (only on incident push button) Turn signals Vehicle network data Accelerator Brake pedal activation ABS Gear position Steering wheel angle Speed Horn Seat Belt Information Airbag deployment Many more variables… 4

5. Data Acquisition System (DAS) 5

6. Roadway data overview New data: collected at highway speed, about 12,500 centerline miles (both directions); independent QAcontractor focus on data needed for lane departure and intersections curvature location, length, radius; grade; cross-slope; lane number, width, type; shoulder type (width if paved); speed limit signs; medians; rumble strips; lighting; intersection location, number of approaches, and control type; videolog Existing datafrom state inventory: any available safety-related information – varies by NDS site Supplemental data: traffic, weather; work zones; crashes; roadway improvements; laws; safety campaigns

7. Status and schedule Data as of August 15, 2012 1,859 vehicles on the road, 423 completed participants 1,711 vehicle-years in database, 44% of 3,900 goal 450K+ trip files in database; 2.5M+ miles of driving 73 known crashes (more in database not yet identified) 5,250 centerline miles of roadway data collected; will have 8,800 by the end of 2012 Schedule Add data to NDS and roadway files continually Complete NDS and roadway data collection November 2013 Complete data files by March 2014

8. Four analysis contracts • MRI Global – Karin Bauer • Offset intersection influence on left turn behavior • University of Minnesota – Gary Davis • Distraction influences in congested freeway crashes • CTRE – Shauna Hallmark • Run-off-road crashes on rural 2-lane curves • SAFER – Trent Victor • Distraction assessment model using eye glances

9. Strategic Implementation Plan for Safety Data Components Implementation goals Target audiences for the databases Types of data and user requirements Marketing and communications Data access and user assistance Periodic evaluation Long-term stewardship and ownership Budgets and resources Roles and responsibilities

10. Strategic Implementation Plan for Safety Data Status Implementation goal: many users will use the NDS and roadway data to address significant safety issues Data users, data access: discussions summer 2012 Resources, roles and responsibilities: TBD Marketing and communications: we welcome your suggestions Schedule: Initial meetings with key users: May-August 2012 Draft plan: fall 2012, circulate widely Revised plan: December 2012

11. Users and uses Ultimate goal: many users will address significant safety issues with the NDS and roadway data Gain insights into driver behavior that can’t be obtained any other way Short-term goals: assist users in defining research questions, accessing the databases Who are potential users? What are potential uses? How can SHRP 2 assist users in the near term?

12. Potential uses – roadway examples How do roadway features affect driver behavior? Lane marking, centerline and edgeline rumble strips, signage – effect on lane-keeping Intersection design features (protected turn lanes, …) – effect on gap acceptance Traffic density – effects on lane-keeping, turning behavior at signalized and unsignalized intersections The Roadway Information database offers potential uses with other safety databases independent of the NDS data (FARS; HSIS) and as a standalone model for integrating disparate data sources, especially data related to safety

13. Potential uses – behavioral examples Distraction: cell phones How often do drivers use cell phones? Does a state cell phone law affect cell phone use? Do drivers use cell phones less in risky situations such as heavy traffic? How does cell phone use affect driver compliance with speed limits, red lights, stop signs, etc? How does cell phone use affect risky driving behavior and crash risk?

14. Data user tools Trip summary files Categorical data on each trip to help users identify trips of interest Trip, roadway, vehicle, and driver variables Variables being defined; suggestions invited Event files Brief (30 sec.) segments of all data at events of interest, such as crashes Event triggers being defined; suggestions invited Baseline (exposure) events being defined; suggestions invited Reduced data sets for individual users User assistance from VTTI and CTRE

15. Discussion questions What are your priority research areas or questions that can be addressed with NDS and roadway data? What are your suggestions for trip summary file variables – which trips or segments to identify? What are your suggestions for reduced data sets? What other suggestions do you have for making the NDS and roadway data useful to you? Send your organization’s ideas to Jim Hedlund jhedlund@nas.edu or Charles Fay cfay@nas.edu by September 30