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Directional Terms and Joint Movements

Directional Terms and Joint Movements. Miss Van Heuven. Horizontal vs. vertical. Make sure that you know the difference between horizontal and vertical! Horizontal (side to side) Vertical (up and down) Hint: To help you remember, think about the sun rising and setting over the “horizon”.

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Directional Terms and Joint Movements

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  1. Directional Terms and Joint Movements Miss Van Heuven

  2. Horizontal vs. vertical • Make sure that you know the difference between horizontal and vertical! • Horizontal (side to side) • Vertical (up and down) • Hint: To help you remember, think about the sun rising and setting over the “horizon”

  3. Anatomical directional terms • Anterior • The front, or in front of • Posterior • The back, or behind (towards the rear)

  4. Anatomical directional terms • Distal • Away from, furthest from the origin • Proximal • Near, closest to the origin

  5. Anatomical directional terms • Superior • Above, over • Inferior • Below, under

  6. Anatomical directional terms • Lateral • Away from the mid-line (center) • Towards the sides • Medial • Towards the mid-line (center) • Away from the sides

  7. PAUSE • Pause for “Body Planes and Directional Terms” review • (Use knee ligaments as an example)

  8. Synovial Joints • Synovial Joints (also known as Diarthroses) are freely moveable joints • These joints allow 18 different movements

  9. Types of Synovial Joint Movements • Flexion • Movement that decreases the angle between 2 bones

  10. Types of Synovial Joint Movements • Extension • Movement that increases the angle between 2 bones

  11. Types of Synovial Joint Movements • Hyperextension • Movement beyond the natural range of motion

  12. Types of Synovial Joint Movements • Abduction • Movement of the limbs away from the middle of the body • (Describes movement of limbs only)

  13. Types of Synovial Joint Movements • Adduction • Movement of the limbs toward the middle of the body • (Describes movement of limbs only)

  14. Types of Synovial Joint Movements • Rotation • Movement of a bone on an axis, toward or away from the body

  15. Types of Synovial Joint Movements • Circumduction • Circular movement of limbs around an axis • The proximal portion of the limb remains stationary • Proximal = where the limb attaches to the body • The distal portion moves in a circle • Distal = the point on the limb that is furthest from the proximal attachment

  16. Joint Movements Activity • Pause for a class activity. (SIMON SAYS) • Can students demonstrate knowledge of these joint movements?

  17. Teacher Slide • Anterior • Posterior • Distal • Proximal • Horizontal • Vertical • Lateral • Medial • Superior • Inferior • Flexion • Extension • Hyper-extension • Rotation • Adduction • Abduction

  18. Types of Synovial Joint Movements • Supination • To turn upward • To face a limb or body towards the ceiling • Ex: Turn palm upward so that it faces the sky

  19. Types of Synovial Joint Movements • Pronation • To turn downward • To face a limb or body towards the ground • Ex: turn palms downward so that they face the floor

  20. Types of Synovial Joint Movements • Plantar Flexion • Movement that extends the foot • Ex: Pointing your toes like a ballerina

  21. Types of Synovial Joint Movements • Dorsiflexion • Movement that flexes the foot • Ex: Try to touch your toes to the front of your shin

  22. Types of Synovial Joint Movements • Inversion • Turns the sole of the foot inward (medially)

  23. Types of Synovial Joint Movements • Eversion • Turns the sole of the foot outward (laterally)

  24. Types of Synovial Joint Movements • Protraction • Moving a body part forward (in the transverse plane) • Ex: shoulders and jaw

  25. Types of Synovial Joint Movements • Retraction • Moving a body part backwards (in the transverse plane) • Ex: Neck or jaw

  26. Types of Synovial Joint Movements • Elevation • Lifting a body part upward (superiorly) • (Occurs in the frontal plane) • Ex: Shoulders

  27. Types of Synovial Joint Movements • Depression • Moving a body part downward (inferiorly) • (Occurs in the frontal plane) • Ex: Shoulders

  28. Types of Synovial Joint Movements • Opposition • Moves the thumb to the tips of the other fingers • (That is why they are called “Opposable thumbs”)

  29. TIME TO DANCE! • Create a new dance • Write down all of the moves using anatomical joint movement cues • Name your dance • Perform it yourself or nominate someone in the room!!

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