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SOSC 103D Social Inequality in HK

SOSC 103D Social Inequality in HK. Lecture 20: Social Discrimination. Problem of social exclusion. Social isolation vicious circle (further excluded) Hostility lack of cohesion , social instability Social problem criminals, deviance.

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SOSC 103D Social Inequality in HK

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  1. SOSC 103DSocial Inequality in HK Lecture 20: Social Discrimination

  2. Problem of social exclusion • Social isolation • vicious circle (further excluded) • Hostility • lack of cohesion, social instability • Social problem • criminals, deviance L20: 20.04.07

  3. Marginalized groups are more likely to turn to crime?! • Empirical evidence • Different interpretations • Blaming the victims: weakness of will, sub-culture • Discrimination: excluded from labour market • Unequal nature of the economic and legal system: marginalized groups are more easily to connect with or involving “crime” L20: 20.04.07

  4. Social Discrimination • The running of a fair and rational market: • Job selection is based on one’s merit (objective measurement) • Income is based on one’s qualification and job performance • In reality… • The role of employers’ preference and discrimination • The effect of stereotype (e.g. stereotypical imagine of women) L20: 20.04.07

  5. L20: 20.04.07

  6. Labour Queue Effect • Discrimination in the labour market • Marginalized groups are always being placed at the end of the labour queue • Even if they have relevant training and qualified for the job, they are not being chosen by the employers if there are other applicants e.g. Gender, race, language, age discrimination  Marginalized groups have limited chances in formal and normal economy L20: 20.04.07

  7. Recent problem: • From neglect to concern? • Stigmatization (role of government, media, etc.) • Discrimination (role of the general public and employers) • Further marginalized L20: 20.04.07

  8. Informal Economy • Not illegal: something between legal and illegal • Have not been fully recognized in society • Have some specific rules to regulate the business • E.g. sex industry, hawkers (unlicensed retailers) L20: 20.04.07

  9. 食環署捉小販冷血無情 • 粗暴捉殘障小販 一個聾啞、一個智障，兩名自力更生男小販，每晚在深水埗「通宵墟」擺賣舊雜貨維生，昨晨被食環署販管隊職員掃蕩，兩人成為捕捉目標 (20.10.06) The disabled hawkers – targeted by officials from the Food and Environmental Hygiene Department L20: 20.04.07

  10. 小販不滿執法嚴 圍10食環署職員 • 現場為深水埗福華街及北河街，上址約有200個小販攤檔。有小販稱，食環署職員在一年多前加緊到上址執法，該署職員昨早又往查牌，一旦發現持牌人不在攤檔，便會「抄牌」。小販表示，部分持牌人因年老體弱找子女幫忙「看舖」，又或有要事找下屬暫為打點，但當局並不體諒他們的情況，見非持牌人看檔即「抄牌」，小販埋怨食環署執法過嚴，似是有意針對上址小販，對此深表不滿。小販表示稍後會找區議員協助。 • 食環署發言人回應稱，當局鑑於深水埗區的持牌固定攤檔的擴展擺賣範圍（即將貨物擺放出攤檔範圍）有惡化現象，昨早執勤前已與多名攤檔代表開會商討，並勸喻持牌人應遵守持牌條件及小販守則，否則會檢控。該署職員昨早在上址對違例的持牌人採取執法行動，其間有人起哄，職員遂報警求助，而行動中共有兩宗檢控。 • (27.03.07) L20: 20.04.07

  11. How to help? • Law-enforcement • Anti-discrimination law • Law relating to the informal economy • Implementation of laws and policies • Public education • General education in schools • Change of social attitudes towards the marginalized groups (government and public) L20: 20.04.07

  12. Readings: Reskin, B. (2001) “Labor Markets as Queues: A Structural Approach to Changing Occupational Sex Composition,” in David Grusky (ed.) Social Stratification: Class, Race and Gender in Sociological Perspective (2/e) South, Nigel (2005) “Inequalities, Crime, and Citizenship,” in M. Romero and E. Margolis (ed.) The Blackwell Companion to Social Inequalities L20: 20.04.07

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