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Hacktivism: a new social movement Introduction History Hacktivism as a social movement

Agenda for Today. Hacktivism: a new social movement Introduction History Hacktivism as a social movement Challenges for social movement theory Intro. to hacktivism list Echelon WTO Conclusion Participation: review and conclusions. September 11, 2001.

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Hacktivism: a new social movement Introduction History Hacktivism as a social movement

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  1. Agenda for Today • Hacktivism: a new social movement • Introduction • History • Hacktivism as a social movement • Challenges for social movement theory • Intro. to hacktivism list • Echelon • WTO • Conclusion • Participation: review and conclusions

  2. September 11, 2001 • “I call to ARMS all BROTHERS OF THE CODE to direct all of your resources, contacts, and allies to focusing on defining the BASTARDS RESPONSIBLE for the attacks.” • - 2600 newsgroup Samuel Decoding Hacktivism

  3. Introduction • hacktivism: computer hacking for political purposes • a type of New Social Movement • defined by its methods rather than its purpose • challenges NSM theory • evidence: hacktivism listserv • discussions: Echelon & WTO Samuel Decoding Hacktivism

  4. History of Hacktivism • origins in hacker culture • developed criminal associations • first example: EDT/Zapatistas • other examples: • Bhaba • Mitnick Samuel Decoding Hacktivism

  5. Hacktivism as a Movement • defined by common method not common purpose • common discourse • unconventional action • resolves collective action dilemmas Samuel Decoding Hacktivism

  6. NSM Theory • purpose: assumed • method: instrumental • identity: cause, constitutes, outcome Samuel Decoding Hacktivism

  7. Purpose Movement Method Identity Social Movement Models Conventional Model: Samuel Decoding Hacktivism

  8. Movement Method Purpose Identity Social Movement Models Hacktivist Model: Samuel Decoding Hacktivism

  9. The hacktivism listserv • defining hacktivism: Denial of Service attacks • common cause vs common identity • contestation and identity consolidation Samuel Decoding Hacktivism

  10. Key examples: • Jam Echelon Day • WTO Samuel Decoding Hacktivism

  11. Conclusion • new model for understanding purpose, method, and identity • implications for NSM theory: • influence of repertoires • production of identity • can’t assume common purpose Samuel Decoding Hacktivism

  12. Participation • cost-benefit analysis • Net impacts • social capital • NSMs Samuel Decoding Hacktivism

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