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Learn about the timeline of American imperialism during the early 1900s and understand the motives and means behind the US seeking to control other parts of the world. Explore economic, political, and social factors driving American expansionism.
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Presidential Timeline during this Imperialistic time • 1901: McKinley assassinated, Teddy Roosevelt becomes President • 1904: Teddy Roosevelt elected • 1908: Taft is elected • 1912: Woodrow Wilson elected • 1916: Wilson re-elected 1901 1904 1908 1912 1916
Creating an American Empire How and why did Americans seek to control other parts of the world?
3.1: Students will distinguish two major types of foreign policy positions: isolationism and imperialism. • Isolationism: Strict non-involvement in other countries’ affairs. (Ex: those who would have “walked away” from the fight) • Imperialism: The policy in which stronger nations extend their economic, political, or military control over weaker territories. (Ex: Those “bullies” who would have extended their control over both friend and enemy!)
3.2: Students will understand the various motives for American expansionism during the turn of the century. Why does the United States want to extend their control and power? • Economic Motives: The U.S. had economic interests in other parts of the world such as Hawaii, Cuba, and countries in Asia. • Want to export to many countries, need faster shipping routes in the ocean, etc.
Extending control in order to build the Panama Canal-increase our shipping! Extending control to take advantage of resources of other lands-for example: Hawaiian sugar plantations.
3.2: Students will understand the various motives for American expansionism during the turn of the century. Why does the United States want to extend their control and power? • Political Motives: The U.S. wants to keep power by keeping pro-U.S. governments in power of Central American countries and we want to have a strong navy in order to protect our interests around the world.
3.2: Students will understand the various motives for American expansionism during the turn of the century. Why does the United States want to extend their control and power? Social Motives: The U.S. had social concerns in other countries. The U.S. felt it had a moral duty to civilize people in other countries and spread Christianity.
3.3: Students will understand the various economic and military means the U.S. used to expand its control overseas and be able to provide examples of American territorial acquisitions. • Presidential plans of getting involved • Using Yellow Journalism Countries that were impacted by the U.S: • Hawaii, Panama, Cuba, Philippines, China
Yellow Journalists: reporting that exaggerates the news to lure new readers. William Hearst Joseph Puilitzer “You furnish the pictures, and I’ll furnish the war.” The USS Maine Explodes!!
A timeline of U.S. imperialism • 1790s: United States merchants stop in Hawaii on their way to China and East India. • 1820’s: Americans send “missionaries” to convert Hawaiians to Christianity; build churches, etc. • 1800’s: Americans own land and sugar plantations in Hawaii
A timeline of U.S. imperialism • (1890)Alfred Mahan (President of Naval War College) suggests the U.S. to: • Acquire strategically located bases to refuel ships • Develop a modern fleet of ships • Construct a canal across Panama and acquire Hawaii • This would allow the U.S. to become a world power!
A timeline of U.S. imperialism • 1893: United States imprisons the Queen of Hawaii (Queen Lil’) and places Sanford Dole as Hawaiian president. • 1897: U.S. President McKinley annexes Hawaii-no Hawaiians had the chance to vote!
A timeline of U.S. imperialism • 1800’s: Americans own sugar plantations in Cuba (Cuba, Philippines, and Puerto Rico all owned by Spain)
A timeline of U.S. imperialism • 1898: U.S. send the USS Maine to protect Cuba and American interests • 1898: USS Maine explodes-yellow journalists blame it on Spain!
A timeline of U.S. imperialism • April 20, 1898: U.S. declares war on Spain • May, 1898: U.S. fights against Spain in the Philippines as well as in Cuba.
A timeline of U.S. imperialism • December 10, 1898: U.S. and Spain sign peace treaty • Cuba would become independent (but will answer to the U.S) • Spain would give Puerto Rico and Guam to the U.S.) • The U.S. would pay Spain $20 million for the annexation of the Philippine Islands.
A timeline of U.S. imperialism • In 1899, The United States wants to keep China open to U.S. business and protect China from the influence of other countries. So…we create the “Open Door Policy” which grants open access to China’s ports and no special privileges for nations.
A timeline of U.S. imperialism • 1900’s: United States gets involved in Cuban affairs to protect American interests • 1904: The U.S. helps support Panama rebel against Columbia (owner of Panama) in order to gain rights to build the Panama Canal
A timeline of U.S. imperialism • 1914: The U.S. opens the Panama Canal • The United States controls the Philippines until 1946.
