Sox Emission Factors

1. Sox Emission Factors Kristin Burford 09/April/2001 ME449: Sustainable Air Quality

2. Overview • Emission Factors for SOx sources • Coal combustion • Oil combustion • Gas combustion • Petroleum refining • Non-road diesel

4. Coal Combustion • Emission Factor : 38*%S • 35*%S (with controls) • developed from measuring boiler emissions • relatively constant and reliable • %S is the main factor in determining emission

5. Oil Combustion • Emission Factor • based on 98% conversion of fuel sulfur • 0.98 x MWSO2/MWS x %S/100 x oil density x gallons of oil (1000) • only thing that varies is the oil density (and some S goes to SO3 • Control Techniques: • wet scrubber - 80-98% • spray drying - 70-90% • furnace injection - 25-50% • duct injection - 25-50%

6. Gas Combustion • Emission Factor • based on sulfur content of fuel • actual emissions not measured • conservative, assume all S -->SO2 • little quantitative basis • (S grains/100 ft^3)(lb/7000 grains)(ft^3/10^3 gal)(2 lb SO2 /lb S) sulfur content* X lb SO2 /10^3gal

7. Petroleum Refining • No background documentation • Multiple Processes: • Separation • Conversion • Treating • Feedstock and product handling • Auxiliary processes • Converts crude oil into 2500+ refined products • EF for fluid catalytic cracking units: • 1.413 (0.286 to 1.505) kg SO2/10^3L feed

8. Non-Road Diesel • Not included in AP-42 online • Emissions based on: travel & rate of emission • SOx based on 0.25%S in fuel (can be adjusted)

9. THE END!