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Prehistoric Changes: From Australopithecus to the Neolithic Revolution

Explore the fascinating journey of human evolution, from our Australopithecus ancestors to the significant changes brought about by the Neolithic Revolution. Discover the advancements in tools, language, and societal structures that led to the development of the first civilization in Mesopotamia.

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Prehistoric Changes: From Australopithecus to the Neolithic Revolution

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  1. Prehistory Overview (A look at some broad changes over time) Hey, where did my jaw go?

  2. Who were the ancestors of modern humans? • Australopithecus (think of Lucy vs. Hominid • Small brain Large brain • Large Teeth Small teeth • Homo habilis = first human species to use tools • Homo erectus = first human species to walk upright • Homo sapiens= first human species to “think” or plan… our species!

  3. Paleolithic Age (6,000,000 to 8,000 B.C.) • During Ice Age • Food obtained by hunting/ gathering • Advancements: Stone tools Fire Spoken language • Two groups active in the Paleolithic Age: Neantherthals and Cro-Magnons

  4. A reconstructed Neanderthal skeleton (left) as compared to a modern human. What differences between the two do you notice? Image from: http://msnbcmedia.msn.com/j/msnbc/Components/Photos/050310/neanderthal.vlarge.

  5. Mesolithic Age (8,000 to 6,000 B.C.) • Ice Age over • Advancements: • Fishing (boats, nets, fish hook) • Wild dogs (jackals) domesticated • Tools such as harpoons, bows, arrows I owe it all to the Mesolithic man!

  6. The Neolithic Age (6,000 to 3,000 B.C.) • FARMING and HERDING are discovered in the fertile area of Mesopotamia! • The discovery of FARMING and HERDING is called the Neolithic Revolution

  7. Results of the Neolithic Revolution • permanent villages (people no longer moving with food source) • population grows (more food; grain can be stored) • “ownership” of land (due to the fact that everyone is staying in one place) • specialization (different jobs) leads to trade • government (to oversee trade and property ownership) • writing (to keep track of trade items)

  8. Done? Explore some of these websites! • A museum exhibit on Prehistory • Daily life in the Stone Age (including people's food) • Cro-Magnon cave paintings in France • Early human skulls

  9. All these changes led Mesopotamia to develop into the first “civilization” with laws and government.

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