VOICE OVER INTERNET PROTOCOL(VOIP)

1. ASSIGNMENT REPORT ON VOICE OVER INTERNET PROTOCOL(VOIP)

2. PROJECT MEMBERS • SULEKHA TRIPATHI • SMRITI RAMTEKE • MADHURI GAVEL • KANCHAN SINHA • RENUKA DHRUWE

3. INDEX • INTRODUCTION • ADVANTAGE • HISTORICAL MILESTONE • PROTOCOLS • ADOPTION • CHALLENGES • QUALITY OF SERVICE • SUSCEPTIBILTY OF POWER FAILURE • LEGAL ISSUES • MOBILE VOIP • WEB BASED VOIP • FUTURE SCOPE

4. INTRODUCTION Voice over internet protocol (voip) refers to communication protocol & transmission technique mainly used in delivery of voice communication & multimedia session over internet protocol network. terms related to voip are telephony internet telephony & broadband phone. internet telephony refers to communication ,voice , fax ,sms that are transporter through via internet , main step involver in voip telephone call are signaling & media channel set up, digitization of the analog voice signal ,encoding &transmission as internet protocol over a packet switched network on receiving similar steps are followed in(reverse order) such as reception of ip packet , decoding of packets it offers a business model that mirrored the architecture of telephone network under 2nd generation such as skype have closed network for private user bases ,giving , the benefit of free calls & convinience while denying user to call through network. voip system employ session control protocols to control the setup & teardown of calls as well as audio codes which encode speech allowing transmission over an ip network .voip is available on smart phones& Internet devices users can send information through 3g or wi-fi.

5. ADVANTAGES • STANDARD TELEPHONE SYSTEM IS COST. • INTERNATIONAL CALL USING VOIP IS USALLY INEXPENSIVE. • VOIP USE CLIMBS,CALLS BETWEEN VOIP USERS ARE FREE. • SUBSCRIBERS CAN CALL ONE ANOTHER AT NO COST. • OPERATIONALCOST • VOIP HAS BENEFIT FOR REDUCING COMMUNICATION &INFRASTRUCTURE COST. • ROUTING PHONE CALLS OVER EXISTING DATA NETWORK. • ABILITY TO TRANSMIT MORE THAN ONE TELEPHONE CALL OVER SINGLE BROAD BAND CONNECTION • PORTABLITY.

6. HISTORICAL MILESTONE • 1973-Network voice protocol & others to carry real time voice over apranet [citation needed] • 1974-The institute of electrical & electronic engineers published a paper titled ”A Protocol for packet network interconnection. • 1974-network voice protocol(NVP) first tested over arpanet in august 1974 ,carrying 16k CVSD encoded voice-first implementation of voice over IP. • 1977-Darelenny cohen,Vintcert,johnpostel agree to separate IP from TCP,& create UDP for carrying real time traffic. • 1981-IPv4 is described in RFC 791. • 1985-national science foundation commission the creation of NSFNET. • 1986-Propasals from various standards organisation for voice over ATM. • 1992-voice over frame relay standards development with in frame relay forum. • 1994-first voice over IP application. • 1995-vocal tec releases the first commrical internet phone software. • 1997-level3 began devlopment of its first softswitch.a term they coined in 1998. • 1999-The session initiation protocol(SIP) specification RFC 2543 is released. • 2004-Commerical VOIP service providers proliferate. • .

7. protocol • H.323 • Media gateway control protocol(MGCP) • Session initiation protocol(SIP) • Real time transport protocol(RTP) • Session description protocol(SDP) • Inter-asterisk exchange(IAX) VoIP can be used in various ways using both proprietary &open protocols & standards.

8. ADOPTION • A major devlopment that started in 2004 was the introduction of mass market voip services that existing broadband internet acesss , by which subscribers place & receive telephone calls in much the same manner as they would via phone switched telephone network(PSTN).Full service voip phone companies provide in bound & outbound service with direct inbound dialling.Avoip phone is necessary to connect a voip service provider . This can be implemented in several ways. • Dedicated voip • Analog telephone adapter • Softphone • PSDN & mobile network • Corporate use

9. VOIP OVERVIEW • VOIP or VOICE over internet protocol is a technology that takes analog audio signals and convert them to digital information that can be routed across network. • The ATA is an analog to digital converter and very easy to use , in most cases the ATA is taken from the box plugged into the phone and a broad band connection . • The second VOIP call option is computer to computer calls reuire only a microphone ,speaker . • The final type of VOIP includes use of special IP phones which contains all Software required . • VOIP is relatively new technology having a revolution effect on telephone indusdry.

10. CHALLENGES • QUALITY OF SERVICE • IP NETWORK IS BEST EFFORT NETWORK WITH FUNDAMENTAL QUALITY OF SERVICE • NETWORK ROUTERS ON HIGH VOLUMR TRAFFIC LINKS MAY INTRODUCE LATENCY THAT EXCEED PERMISSIBLE THRESHOLD FOR VOIP • ADSL MODEM PROVIDE ETHERNET CONNECTION TO LOCAL NETWORK LAYER-2-QUALITY OF SERVICE A PROTOCOL DEALING WITH DATA LINK LAYER& PHYSICAL LAYER INCLUDE QUALITY OF SERVICE MECHANISM .IEEE802.11E .IEEE802.1p

11. Susceptiblity to power failure • IP PHONES & VOIP TELEPHONE ADAPTERS ARE CONNECTED TO ROUTERS WHICH DEPEND ON AVABLITY OF MAINS ELECTRICITY. VOIP SERVICE PROVIDERS IMPLEMENT SERVICES TO ROTE CALLS TO OTHER TELEPHONE SERVICES OF SUBSCRIBER. • TELEPHONE COMPANY LINES WHICH PROVIDE DIRECT CURRENT TO POWER SO THAT THEY ARE MOST BASIC ANALOG HANDSETS INDEPENTENTLY FOR LOCAL AVAILABLE POWER. SUSCEPTIBLITY OF PHONE SERVICE TO POWER FAILURE IS BEING COMMON PROBLEM WITH NEW ANALOG SRVICES THE PROBLEM IS BEING SOLVED A LOT NOW PEOPLE ARE USING WIRELESS HANDSETS TO A BASE STATION.

12. EMERGENCY CALLS • Emergency calls cannot be easily routed to nearby call centre due to nature of IP it makes diffcult to locate network users geographically. • VOIP in some cases links emergency calls to non emergency phone line in US has being objected to major police dept as potentially endangering the public. • A fixed line phone has direct relation between a telephone line & physical location so that when an emergency call comes from that no then the location can be finded out. Lack of redundancy Separation of IP network & PSTN provides redundancy when no portion of call was routed to IP network. #NUMBER PORTABLITY

13. PSTN INTEGRATION • E.164 is global FGF standard for both PSTN & PLMN. • VOIP employ methods of translating non-E.164 identifiers to E.164 numbers such as skype in service (Provided by SKYPE & ENUM services in & IMS & SIP). SECURITY VOIP telephone systems are susceptible to attack as the hackers know about vulnerablities can institute denial-of-service attacks , harvest consumer data, record conversations & break in to voice mailboxes. SECURING VOIP To prevent security concerns government& military organisations using voice over secure IP , Secure voice over secure IP to protect confidential& classified VOIP communications.

14. CALLER IDCaller id support among voip providers varies, but it is provided by majority of voip providers..VOIP service providers allow caller to configure arbitary caller ID information ,thus permitting spoofing attack..The act called as caller ID act of 2009 on dec22,2010 law makes it crime to transmit misleading information..COMPATIBLITY WITH TRADIONAL ANALOG TELEPHONE SETS..SUPPORT FOR OTHER TELEPHONY DEVICE..USER & ADMINISTRATIVE INTERFACE..FAX HANDLING.PROPER HANDLING.

15. LEGAL ISSUES • As the popularity of VOIP grows govt.are becoming intrested in becoming in regulating VOIP in a manner similar to pstn services. • VOIP & technologies have made more diffcult for govt. to determime where a target is physically located when communication are being Intercepted,& that created a set of legal issues. • US congress is debating concerns changes to the foreigners. • It is Legal to use VOIP,but it is illegal to have VOIP gateways inside INDIA.

16. MOBILE VOIP • MVOIP is an extension to a voice over IP network .communication is possible by 2 ways : • Cordless/DECT/PCS protocol for short range where base station is linked with LAN. • Wider area communications using 3G\4G PROTOCOL. • IMPLEMENTATION • IMPLEMENTATION TURNS THE MOBILE DEVICE IN TO STADARD SIP CLIENT,WHICH USES DATA NETWORK. • MOBILE INTEGRATION MOBILE VOIP WILL REQUIRE A COMPROMISE BETWEEN ECONOMY& MOBILITY.

17. WEB-BASED VOIP • It is concept of click to talk , which is form of web based communication in which a person clicks an object to request connection with another person. • web-based voip uses the existing voip infra- structure but links the web object which can be shown as flash. • Caller goes to webpage & find the destination the caller want to communicate,a caller will be required,then click the object from web-page which already connect to phone. • Web based voip can be used for any kind of web communication services,such as yellow page service,webconference,emap,web toll free no.

18. FUTURE SCOPE • VOIP service is great& economic way to telephone calls both local& long distance the problem is that voip is still not wireless. Now a days it is possible to use wi-fi connection to the internet via a computer but then that is not as wireless as cellular phone. • Hybrid phones are available now a days but they are practically unknown. • Range of internet connectivity broadens its scope • WIMAX is citywide wireless network that will operate at speeds that will have speed much higher than ones we have today. • Easier exchange of information will be possible. • Free internet telephony (sending Email without paying). • Better features of cellular phone will be available.

19. THANKYOU