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Purposeful Interviewing and Processes. Chapter 3. Social Systems Theory. Purposeful interviewing Comprehensive questioning Morphostasis Common language. Comprehensive Questioning. Refers to questioning outside the expected
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Purposeful Interviewing and Processes Chapter 3 3-1
Social Systems Theory • Purposeful interviewing • Comprehensive questioning • Morphostasis • Common language
Comprehensive Questioning • Refers to questioning outside the expected • Know that there is a bigger picture outside of that statement and contact • Ask: • Who did this to you? • Are you ok? • Talk to the kids at a disturbance!
Morphostasis • Continuation of a family is a priority • Members work together against the intervening threat (the police)
Common Language • Borrowing the language from other disciplines provides technique • The devices whose application enables us to accomplish our purposes
Characteristics of Purposeful Interviewing • Active listening • Listen to what is being said and how it is said • Notice change in tone, voice, and direction • Rapport development • Be respectful and patient • Display sincere interest and provide reassurance
Purposeful Interviewing • Different goals require different approaches to interviewing
Establish Interviewing Goals • Examine the nature of the offense • Determine if a crime was committed • To identify the perpetrator
Arson • Who will profit? • Is this for spite or revenge? • Is it juvenile firesetting?
Domestic Violence • Determine the seriousness of the situation • How often has this happened in the past? • Have you ever been hospitalized due to these attacks? • Has he/she ever threatened to kill you?
Hate Crimes • Establish cooperation • It is important to stop this individual(s) from doing this to anyone else in your community • There is nothing to stop this from happening to your friends and family, we need your help • I know this is difficult for you, but there is something that can be done about this
Rape and Acquaintance Sexual Assault First Responder • Keep the questioning to a minimum • Examples of what to say: • You are safe now • I don’t need to ask a lot of questions right now, but I have to know if there was penetration involved? • I know this is a lot to ask, but please do not smoke or have anything to drink until you have been examined by the doctor
Rape and Acquaintance Sexual Assault Detailed Statement • Establish rapport • How are you feeling? • Would you feel more comfortable if I called you by your last name? • Do you have any questions? • Use open-ended questions for the narrative
White-Collar and Fraud Crimes • Overcome victim self-blame • Are you ok? • I would be angry, too • You have every right to feel like that
Was a Crime Committed? • Research the law concerning the crime to determine the elements needed for prosecution • No crime has been committed if the basic elements cannot be satisfied
Collect Evidence • Testamentary evidence • Spoken evidence collected through interviewing
Collect Evidence • Physical evidence • Something that may be seen, heard, touched, smelled, or tasted, that may prove or disprove the involvement of someone
Arson • Rule out accidental causes of the fire such as heaters, appliances, fuses, or electrical outlets
Incendiary • Incendiary refers to the criminal setting on fire of buildings or other property
Domestic is a Legally Recognized Relationship • Determine the relationship between the victim and the perpetrator • Each state defines “domestic” in a unique way • Without a legally recognized relationship, the offense is not domestic violence
Hate Crimes Defined • A criminal offense which is committed against a person or property which is motivated by the offender’s bias against a race, religion, disability, ethnicity/national origin, or sexual orientation
Rape Defined • Any forced penetration, no matter how slight, is sufficient to constitute sexual intercourse
Rape • The majority of states only recognize females as rape victims • Alternative legal protections may be considered for males • Force and the will of the victim are elements of concern
White Collar and Fraud Crimes Defined • Nonviolent crime usually committed in commercial settings for financial gain
Identify a Perpetrator • Obtain a physical description • Make a risk assessment • Never show a witness a photo or live lineup prior to developing a composite
Primary Aggressor Determination • Is not based on size, gender, or anger • Question all parties separately • Ask for history of abuse • Consider self-defense when both are injured
Numbers Needed • Field identification • One participant • Photo lineup • At least six photos • Live lineup • Minimum of four non-suspects
Assessing Statement Accuracy • Are there motivations for exaggeration? • Do not accuse the person of lying, follow their leads • Do not judge reliability on first impressions or moral evaluations
Assessing Statement Accuracy • Is the statement correct in part? • Victim and witness memory may vary and cause some things to be left out or forgotten