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Enzymes. Enzyme Active Site. Amino acid side chains interact, metal ions, Various types of polar, non-polar, ionic interactions. Enzyme Active Site. Amino acid side chains interact, metal ions, Various types of polar, non-polar, ionic interactions. Enzymes.
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Enzyme Active Site • Amino acid side chains interact, metal ions, • Various types of polar, non-polar, ionic interactions
Enzyme Active Site • Amino acid side chains interact, metal ions, • Various types of polar, non-polar, ionic interactions
Enzymes • Lock and Key Analogy: lock = enzyme, key = substrate.
Enzymes • Lock and Key Analogy: lock = enzyme, key = substrate.
Induced Fit Theory • Enzyme is not rigid, changes shape with substrate.
Induced Fit Theory • Enzyme is not rigid, changes shape with substrate.
Enzymes - Cofactors • Coenzymes (contain a vitamin) or metal ion
Enzymes - Cofactors • Metal ions present in trace amounts
Enzymes - Cofactors • Metal ions present in trace amounts
Enzyme Cofactors • Coenzyme - non protein organic, maybe a vitamin.
Enzyme Cofactors • Coenzyme - non protein organic, maybe a vitamin.
Enzyme Cofactors • Coenzyme - non protein organic, maybe a vitamin.
Enzymes - Activity • Temperature and pH effect enzyme action
Enzymes - Activity • Temperature and pH effect enzyme action
Enzymes - Activity • Enzyme and substrate concentrations
Enzymes - Inhibitors • Nonspecific - denaturation, pH, temperature
Enzyme Inhibitors • Noncompetitive
Enzyme Inhibitors • Competive - mimic substrate, may block active site, but may dislodge it.
Enzyme Inhibitors • Competive - mimic substrate, may block active site, but may dislodge it.
Enzyme Inhibitors • Irreversible - covalently binds to active site
Enzyme Inhibitors • Regulator or feedback - used to control a sequence of reactions - reaction product may block initial enzyme.
Enzyme Inhibitors • Regulator or feedback - used to control a sequence of reactions - reaction product may block initial enzyme.
Drugs as Enzyme Inhibitors • Drug mimics some natural chemical to block enzyme.
Drugs as Enzyme Inhibitors • Drug mimics some natural chemical to block enzyme.