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THERMORIGENERATIVE COMBUSTOR FOR CHLORINATED OFF-GAS

C+A. THERMORIGENERATIVE COMBUSTOR FOR CHLORINATED OFF-GAS. A SPECIFIC DESIGN FOR THE CHEMICAL-PHARMACEUTICAL INDUSTRY. WHY AN AD HOC COMBUSTOR FOR CHLORINATED OFF-GAS?.

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THERMORIGENERATIVE COMBUSTOR FOR CHLORINATED OFF-GAS

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  1. C+A THERMORIGENERATIVE COMBUSTOR FOR CHLORINATED OFF-GAS A SPECIFIC DESIGN FOR THE CHEMICAL-PHARMACEUTICAL INDUSTRY

  2. WHY AN AD HOC COMBUSTOR FOR CHLORINATED OFF-GAS? • The resort to organo-chlorinated solvents in the synthesis of pharmaceutical intermediate products, sometimes only during well defined campaigns, comes from the high characteristics of these compounds, which are often unreplaceable. • Under combustion chlorinated compounds produce HCl (hydrochloric acid). In some cases HCl is present in the off-gas input as well.

  3. WHY AN AD HOC COMBUSTOR FOR CHLORINATED OFF-GAS? • The thermorigenerative combustor type is the highest efficiency combustor: it has the lowest support fuel consumption and exit temperatures of 60 ÷ 150°C. It is of simple construction but materials generally adopted result to be unfit for chlorinated off-gas. • In the combustor flue gases HCl has a dew point of ab. 200°C. Below this temperature HCl condensation (very corrosive) finds place. For T < 100°C condensation of water vapour produced by combustion brings in dilution of HCl condense, so decreasing the overall corrosiveness, which nonetheless remains high.

  4. REFERENCE DESIGN PARAMETERS Data apply to off-gas thermorigenerative combustors in the Lombardia Region - Italy (D.g.r. 1.08.2003 n. 7/12943 – Utilzation of best available technologies PC.T.02). The following main parameters apply:

  5. POSSIBLE TECHNICAL SOLUTIONS After a careful study and examination of what has been been done in this field in Italy and Europe up till now, the technical solutions appear to be: SOLUTION A (high energy consumption) • Enhancing the chlorinated off-gas inlet temperature to T ≥ 200°C by a heat exchanger - 270°C overheated steam / off-gas or double heat exchanger - 200°C steam/ off-gas and NG flue gases / off-gas), with relating high costs of heat exchangers (graphite) and of utilities.

  6. POSSIBLE TECHNICAL SOLUTIONS SOLUTION B (with minimized energy consumption) • Feeding the off-gas (chlorinated and non) directly to combustor, with no preheat, under the same conditions of off-gas release from production, or after scrubbers that may be introduced to reduce high concentration peaks of chlorinated compounds (alkaline scrubbing). • Feeding auxiliary fuel (natural gas) for combustion chamber temperature control, leaving the combustor flue gas temperature uncontrolled: this shall then depend upon off-gas input flow (turn-down) and organic concentration / enthalpy of combustion.

  7. BASE POINTS OF C+A PROJECT COMPARISON OF UTILITIES CONSUMPTION AND RELATING COSTS FOR SOLUTIONS A AND B – 10,000 NM3/H OFF-GAS PLANT

  8. BASE POINTS OF C+A PROJECT OVERALL OFF-GAS INPUT FLOW: 5,000 ÷ 70,000 NM3/H

  9. BASE POINTS OF C+A PROJECT • Plant guaranteed emission concentrations: Values refer to measured oxygen level (= O2 as such)

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