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An easy way to relate optical element motion to system pointing stability

Prof. Jim Burge. Room 733 (in the new building)ResearchOptical systems engineering and developmentFabrication and testing OptomechanicsAstronomical OpticsTeachingApplied optics classes (Optics laboratory, optomechanics)OtherSailing, diving, fishing in San Carlos, MexicoMountain bikingUltimate frisbeeBeer brewing.

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An easy way to relate optical element motion to system pointing stability

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    1. An easy way to relate optical element motion to system pointing stability Jim Burge College of Optical Sciences Steward Observatory University of Arizona

    2. Prof. Jim Burge Room 733 (in the new building) Research Optical systems engineering and development Fabrication and testing Optomechanics Astronomical Optics Teaching Applied optics classes (Optics laboratory, optomechanics) Other Sailing, diving, fishing in San Carlos, Mexico Mountain biking Ultimate frisbee Beer brewing

    3. Goals for this talk Provide Basic understanding of some optical/mechanical relationships Definition, application of the optical invariant Useful, easy to remember equations to help make your life easier

    4. Motion of optical elements Tilt and decenter of optical components (lenses, mirrors, prisms) will cause motion of the image Element drift causes pointing instability Affects boresight, alignment of co-pointed optical systems Degrades performance for spectrographs Element vibration causes image jitter Long exposures are blurred Limit performance of laser projectors Small motions, entire field shifts (all image points move the same) Image shift has same effect as change of line of sight direction (defined as where the system is looking)

    5. Lens decenter All image points move together Image motion is magnified

    6. What happens when an optical element is moved? To see image motion, follow the central ray Generally, it changes in position and angle

    7. Lens motion

    8. Effect for lens tilt Can use full principal plane relationships Lens tilt often causes more aberrations than image motion

    9. Mirror motion

    10. Motion for a plane parallel plate

    11. Motion of an optical system Use principal plane representation

    12. Rotation of an optical system about some general point Combine rotation and translation to give effect of rotating about arbitrary point C

    13. Stationary point for rotation Solve for stationary point. Rotation about this point does not cause image motion at distance d.

    14. Optical Invariant

    15. Use of invariant for image motion

    16. The easy part

    17. Example for change in angle

    18. Effect of lens decenter Decenter s causes angular change Which causes image motion Magnification of Image / lens motion

    19. Effect of lateral translation From analysis above:

    20. Example for mirror tilt

    21. Afocal systems For system with object or image at infinity, effect of element motion is tilt in the light. Simply use the relationship from the invariant: Where Dq0 is the change in angle of the light in collimated space D0 is the diameter of the collimated beam

    22. Other useful things Useful for pupil image as well. Just be careful to use correct definitions Also use this to relate slope variation across pupil to the size of the image blur This gives an easy way to relate surface figure to image blur. More on this later

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