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The ALFA Model A bsolute L ab frame & F lexible A ether NPA Con July 2011

The ALFA Model A bsolute L ab frame & F lexible A ether NPA Con July 2011 Robert Bennett robert.bennett@rcn.com Truth always on the Gallows; Lies forever on the Throne. YANPAT ALFA - revisits classic interferometer experiments Rules: Sci Meth Logic 101 Handling inconsistency

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The ALFA Model A bsolute L ab frame & F lexible A ether NPA Con July 2011

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  1. The ALFA Model AbsoluteLab frame & Flexible Aether NPA Con July 2011 Robert Bennettrobert.bennett@rcn.com Truth always on the Gallows; Lies forever on the Throne

  2. YANPAT • ALFA - revisits classic interferometer experiments • Rules: • Sci Meth • Logic 101 • Handling inconsistency • When a contradiction is found: • abandon the theory, or • eliminate the contradiction.

  3. SR premises in conflict • Vx,y = -Vy,x for inertial frames x,y • Vph,x = c ph: photon • Vx,x = 0 Let ph=x From II & III : Vph,ph = c = 0 XXX From I : Vph,y = -Vy,ph But Vy,ph is untestable/unfalsifiable by Sci Meth XXX

  4. The agnostic consequence of ignoring contradictions: Nothing can be proven true Let 1 = 0  x = 0 But 1 = 0 False + 0 = 1 + False 1 = 1 True So MS science can prove any test of SR is valid…..because its basic premises conflict. Testability: capable of being falsified by a test here and nowConsistency: no contradictions in premises, test or meaning

  5. The dissident paradox - how to recognize violation of relativity?Principle of relative motion: Vx,y(t) = -Vy,x(t)If false, there must be at least one case whereVx,y <> -Vy,x existence of a preferred frame.If an absolute frame abs exists, then Vx,abs must be used in physical laws.

  6. We then can detect an absolute reference system by looking for:Dynamic laws that have a velocity dependence, terms with F(v) , will have their simplest form in the preferred frame, where objects at rest will have v = 0EG: the centripetal force will only be zero when the mass is at rest in the preferred frame.The Lorentz force will only have an E field contributionwhen the charge q is at rest in the preferred frame,

  7. c ’aberration’ = sideways aether motion v The Aether modelA general model of operational behavior, avoiding structural assumptions  errors. The raw substance of matter (bound states of aether) . Has any properties that matter has. 3 typesofaether phases:solid like ice, a grid or rigid lattice (Lorentz, M&M) flexible passive, dragged by mass motion, like water entrained by a propeller(Stokes)flexible active, an autonomous natural flow, like a river, the Jet or Gulf streams (?)Aether motion testingA TWLS test on #2 will not detect the aether speed v , since . The photon speed for #1 is This change in c of order (v2/c2) Michelson and Morely sought to measure.

  8. Early aether testsFizeau water pipes1861 Fresnel proposed that matter moving at vwould partially drag aether along, reduced by the drag factorFresnel’s Law :  SoLph,lab = Vph,ae + Vae,labLight speed in aether obeys (Galilean) vector addition. Two notes: Fiz 1 - Aether is measured within the dragging medium(water)Fiz 2 – The reference frame is …… the lab frame!

  9. M&MX– 1886Earth’s annual motion through aetherAssume :1) Copernican HC model 2) Fixed aether daily and annual periodic change in aether direction The annual change is due to the orbital speed of 30 km/s.   River & boat analog aether stream & photon model Result: aether speed of ~ 5 kms, about 15% of expected. = ‘Null’ result??

  10. Box plots from the Michelson–Morley experimentFour interpretations by M&M …. DID NOT INCLUDE THE OBVIOUS – Earth and aether approximately at restMS conclusion: There is no aether, or the Earth and aether are co-moving. ( or not moving at all )

  11. Sagnac – the key test SagnacX 1913 detects the overlapping pattern of 2 counter-rotating light beams on an interferometer that is • a)stationary in the lab frame b) rotating in the rotor frame Lab frame Rotor frame

  12. SR: SoL = c, always Sagnac: The SoL  is anisotropic  - it is not c in either frame! SR ! Results           LAB     ROTOR (for the co-rotating beam) Sagnac concluded that: • rotation fully entrained the aether in the nearby space at the speed v = r(FizeauX showed partial dragging within the dielectric) • SoL change was due to aether motion in the optical path, either a boost (+) for co-rotation or a reduction(-) for counter-rotation. • SoL was independent of both source and detector speed MS relativist reaction: All consistent with SR! Optical bench at rest , then rotating CW in the Lab frame

  13. The ALFA model Absolute Lab/Flexible Aether Premises : 1) Light speed in aether is always c (c/n in dielectric) 2) Galilean velocity addition is valid: (based on Fizeau’s exp.) Alternate Sagnac theories SPECIAL RELATIVITY is invalid  There must be some preferred frame abs in which Vabs,x = 0 andVx,abs <> 0 Vabs,x <> Vx,abs & Vx,y = Vx,abs RITZ BALLISTIC is invalid - claims the SoL depends on the source’s speed. STATICRIGIDAETHER is invalid Prediction: Sollab = Vph,ae + Vae,lab = c + 0 = c Sagnac result: Sollab = Vph,ae + Vae,lab = c + v

  14. Dynamic aether with full dragging: Sagnac data: Sagnac’s insight: aether co-rotates with rotor   Applying the dynamic aether assumptions: The lab Sol = Vph,ae + Vae,lab = c + v agrees with SagnacX …  The rotor SoL= Vph,ae + Vae,rot = c + v??  Vae,rot must equal v to agree with results …. • Conflicts with the dragging assumption, Vae,rot = 0 Can aether speed = v in both frames, even if they are in relative rotation ?!

  15. YES! Recall .. SR was refuted  preferred frame mustexist. Compare with the Abs. Frame condition II Vae,rot and Vae,lab both equal v! Vae,rot = Vae,lab  lab = abs ….. Lab is the absolute frame ! From vector analysis, Substituting ….   In the rotating frame the lab is at rest! If relativity were true Vlab,rot would equal -v, not 0. As the rotor can have any speed the result is general: ABSOLUTE REST THEOREM:  The lab is always at rest with respect to any rotating system, when applying EM laws. The Earth is the frame of absolute space sought by Newton and rejected by Einstein.

  16. Conclusion: Only the Absolute Lab (ECEF) frame with Flexible Aether model agrees in both frames with SagnacX: Sol = c + v and with similar tests– M&MX, R.Wang FOC, Dufour&Prunier, etc. The SoL is c + v for the co-rotating beam, in both lab and rotor frame, independent of source and detector motion, but DEPENDS ON AETHER MOTION IN THE LAB FRAME.

  17. Real data vs. PhenomenaAir-water view: apparent lengthAll air view : true/real length

  18. Absolute Time in ALFA The conditions for having an absolute chronometer: • Stable • Global synchronization • Autonomous operation • Universal accessibility across the world • Immunity from environmental changes Stellar rotation provides a universal master clock in the time domain. Absolute time = astronomical/stellar/cosmic time

  19. More Empirical Support M&M Redux  ALFA model/Sagnac result:            O(v/c) M&M ‘null’ result: O(v2/c2) aether surface speed is << c Vae,lab ~ 0 (within the M&MX testing limits)  ALFA explains the null result as a motionless Earth and aether. 

  20. Michelson-Gale 1925 A Sagnac macro test to detect Earth’s rotation, which decreases with latitude Mic-Gale took result as the Earth’s rotation, BUT Sagnac’s result showed the Earth doesn’t rotate. Overlooked/ignored: aether rotation westward around a static Earth rotation detection by light requires an aether medium.

  21. Test result r is the distance to polar axis  is the sidereal angular velocity from ALFA :      from the test result:     v = aether flow near the ground  Conclusion: an autonomous aetherosphere rotates westward at every latitude in one sidereal day. A natural wind, not forced ….. the analog of rivers or the Jet Gulf streams. More evidence: GPS “Sagnac” effect and E-W radio signal delay.

  22. What’s rotating…. Earth or Ether? If Earth….. Then a static Earth is the absolute frame! Ring laser gyro - Univ of Canterbury NZ Earth’s  is 10 times > ring laser’s sensitivity

  23. Dufour & Prunier 1937 - extended Sagnac, with important additions. • The lab and rotor frame SoLs are equal. • If light path doesn’t include the rotor’s center. Vae,lab = 0 • No change with optical parts mix of lab and rotor • Aether is dragged at the rotor speed … Vae, lab = Vrot,lab • Aether speed in any frame is the same as the lab. Vae,x = Vae,lab • The effect extended at least 10 cm from the rotor

  24. Ruyong Wang FOC - 2005 SagnacX only held for rotational drag aether. But Wang got same result for linear drag.  Improvements: • the Fiber Optic Gyro - FOG • Fiber optic guides, not mirrors • Multiple coils to amplify the phase shift

  25. The phase shift(y) is proportional to conveyor speed(x). … Same cause as Sagnac X….. matter drags aether at the same speed

  26. NOTE: Graph clearly displays zero speed in the lab frame…… no orbital/galactic/CMB motion! The absolute speed in the lab frame is ZERO (0) ! Conclusion: The ALFA model is not restricted only to photons in rotating aether…. holds for ALL aether motions.

  27. The ALFA model axioms are: 1) Light speed in aether is always c => 2) Absolute velocity addition: (lab = ECEF frame) 3) Absolute Rest theorem:    The lab/Earth is universally at rest 4) ALFA theorem:  Whatever reference frame is used, light speed only depends on aether speed in the lab frame. 5) Absolute time: measured with the aethereal motion of the stars …. cosmic time

  28. The universal ALFA Sagnac’s result has been applied to matter-waves – Ca atoms, neutrons and electrons. Beam shifts right from top to bottom

  29. The ALFA formula for photons , is replaced by   ALFA model applies to: • rotation and translation • photons and particles Conclusion: ALFA is a general relationship between moving aether and objects in the lab frame.

  30. Newton’s spinning bucket … Spinning bucket (simplified) Newton: evidence of absolute space Mach and Bishop Berkeley: relative rotation caused by distant matter Analyze rotation in both lab and bucket frame, as with Sagnac. bucket ~ rotor; water motion detects aether entrainment ~ light beam Bucket drags aether aether drags water  vortex formed. When rotation stops, vortex still indicates rotation ! …… with respect to what ?? LAB FRAME!

  31. Lab frame : Bucket frame: … centered any place on the bucket axis ….. measured  Lab rotates in the opposite sense to the bucket…..so The vortex  the water and bucket are really rotating…. but the water speed indicates that it is not moving!  Va,b <> 0 => Va,l Lab frame: preferred for rotation measurements Bucket frame: fictitious data invalid for applying physical laws.

  32. To obey the laws of physics bucket motion data => lab motions So Lab frame motion must be zero, so The speed of an object in frame x is computed from the Galilean law … These three mechanical results in red agree with Sagnac analysis and are consistent with an EM ALFA model. Conclusions: • A flexible aether is consistent with the bucket result. • Aether can drag matter, as well as the reverse, • as was seen in SagnacX and FizeauX. • Newton was right… almost. His vague concept of absolute space is actually the lab/ECEF frame - the absolute frame for measuring motion of aether.

  33. Faraday Rotor Generator 1831 An induced emf/current is produced if a joined conductor and magnet are rotated with no relative motion, but spinning together in the lab frame. This is contrary to Faraday’s and Maxwell’s laws….. but in agreement with ALFA and Hertz’s EM equations.

  34. Maxwell’s equations  Gauss's law Gauss's law for magnetism Faraday's law of induction Ampère's circuital law Assumptions: a stationary inflexible EM aether as reference frame But tested under lab conditions! … Yet they are applied – unmodified – in many other frames, inertial and not. Invariance test Focus on making mechanics invariant under Lorentz transforms…. But there was little interest in making Maxwell’s laws Galilean invariant.  

  35. …..huge ambiguity about aether and the environment: the reference frame(s) for source, detector and aether . Hertz replaced partial with total temporal derivatives in Maxwell’s law…. /t  d/dt = /t + V∙ ALFA takes the convective term to be the aether velocity in the lab frame, V = Vae,lab. Faraday’s law becomes  × E = - dB/dt = B/t + V∙B  => invariant under Galilean transforms to first order in v/c. The history of EM neglected Hertz and elected Maxwell to prominence Maxwell’s forms are valid as a subset of the more general Hertz equations… when the aether velocity Vae,lab is zero in the laboratory.

  36. Hertzian EM laws ∙ E = /0  × E = B/t + V∙B ∙ B = 0  × B = 0J + 00(E/t + V∙E) Hertz took aether to be dragged fully within matter – the Stokes hypothesis – disproven later in the Fizeau test His error was aethereal interpretation, not the insight of his convective modification of Maxwell’s equations. Maxwell’s equations have no explicit dependence on motion ….on velocity. The Lorentz force equation does, and its Galilean transformation from the aether frame (no prime) to the lab frame (primed) is instructive, when V = Vae,lab <> 0 F = q(E + V × B) ==> q’[E’ + V’× B’] = q[E + Vq,lab × B] where V’ = Vq,lab = Vq,ae + Vae,lab and the charge and fields are invariant in the Galilean transform. The lab frame removes the ambiguity about reference frames when applying EM laws. Conclusion: The Hertzian EM equations predict the Faraday anomaly , if the convective velocity is the speed of aether in the lab, . Vae,lab

  37. Consequences of the ALFA paradigm Relativity refuted. Big Bang fizzles. Cosmological Principle is found to be unprincipled! Aether waves may cause QED enigmas….Entanglement, etc. Newton’s 3 laws now include aether effects. Kinetic energy is anchored, absolute meaning of rest. All physical laws involving speed must use lab frame: Centripetal, Coriolis, Lorentz forces. Lorentz transforms and inertial frames and Riemannian geometry are of no physical importance. Mach’s principle disproven – rotation is not relative. Vae,lab has no theoretical or experimental limit

  38. Conclusions SR is inconsistent and invalid. Aether exists, is flexible both actively and passively, and is NOT the absolute reference frame. For all motion the laboratory /Earth Centered Earth Fixed (ECEF) reference frame is preferred. Astronomical time is the absolute time base. ALFA challenge Responses are solicited that refute this Sagnac analysis, which concludes with the existence of : • a flexible/dynamic aether • a preferred frame for measuring motion – the lab/ECEF system. Please stick to objective evidence using the scientific method and logic. References Progress in the ALFA model will be posted at http://alfachallenge.blogspot.com/ An ongoing critique of relativity can be found at http://mythpages.blogspot.com/

  39. Paradigm buster • Existence of • Dynamic aether • Absolute frame But not the same! • 2 aether types active /passive • Dragged/entrained • Autonomous/natural • Absolute frame is….an object in the aether …. Mother Earth! Reaction….. As if told late in life that you were adopted! Truth always on the Gallows; Lies forever on the Throne

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