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Forces

Forces. A force . . . Is a push or a pull on an object Transfers energy to an object which then causes the object to Start moving Stop moving Change direction. A force . . . Is the product of the mass moved and the acceleration (or deceleration) of the object

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Forces

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  1. Forces

  2. A force . . . • Is a push or a pull on an object • Transfers energy to an object which then causes the object to • Start moving • Stop moving • Change direction

  3. A force . . . • Is the product of the mass moved and the acceleration (or deceleration) of the object • Is calculated using this formula: F=ma • Is expressed in units called Newtons (named for Sir Isaac Newton)

  4. Unit for Force • The unit for all force calculations is the Newton. • The Newton is the shorter way to express the units used to calculate force: • Mass must be expressed as kilograms (kg). • Acceleration must be expressed as meters per second per second (m/s2).

  5. Friction

  6. What is Friction? • Fiction is a force created when two surfaces attempt to move pass each other. • Friction opposes the attempted motion. • Friction causes the object to slow down and eventually stop moving.

  7. Changing Friction • Friction can be increased or decreased by changing: • The texture of the surfaces • The amount of force pushing the two surfaces together

  8. Texture • The rougher a surface, the more friction it will produce. • Example: you fall off your skateboard while on • Asphalt (road) • Sanded and lacquered wood • Practice: A knife with a serrated edge or one with a very fine edge?

  9. Applied Force • The amount of friction also depends on how much force is used to push the surfaces together. • Example: The friction between a car’s tires and the roads when • An elephant steps on the car • A mouse steps on the car • Practice: Pressing on a rollerskate with 3N or with 8N

  10. Types of Friction • There are 4 main types of friction: • Static—neither surface is moving compared to the other • Sliding—one object tries to slide past another • Rolling—one object rolls across another • Fluid—one object moves through another

  11. Name that Friction!!! • Pushing against the ground with your feet as you run • A water bottle tumbling across a table • Rubbing your hands together to stay warm • Octopus swimming • Standing in line in the cafeteria Static Rolling Sliding Fluid Static

  12. Name that Friction!!! Sliding Rolling Sliding Fluid Static

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