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Treaty of Versailles

Treaty of Versailles. 1919. “Big Four”. Woodrow Wilson – United States Georges Clemenceau – France David Lloyd George – Great Britain Vittorio Orlando – Italy Countries not represented at PPC: Russia, Germany and its former allies. A Harsh Peace.

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Treaty of Versailles

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  1. Treaty of Versailles 1919

  2. “Big Four” • Woodrow Wilson – United States • Georges Clemenceau – France • David Lloyd George – Great Britain • Vittorio Orlando – Italy • Countries not represented at PPC: Russia, Germany and its former allies

  3. A Harsh Peace • Both Britain and France desire to strip Germany of its war-making power • French have even more of a grudge • Defeated by Germany in Franco-Prussian War • Significant amount of fighting occurred in France • Apprx. one million French soldiers killed • Significant amounts of land destroyed • View Germany as primary instigator

  4. German Consequences • Concession of Territories in Europe • Land given to Belgium, Czechoslovakia, Poland, and France • Stripped of its overseas colonies • Demilitarization of Rhineland and occupation • Reparations

  5. “War Guilt Clause” • Forced Germany to accept complete responsibility for initiating the Great War • Therefore, liable for all material damages • Humiliating

  6. German Consequences • France in fear of German recovery and initiation of new war • Army limited to 100,000 men • Conscription (draft) illegal • Naval vessels under 100,000 tons • Ban on submarine fleet • Forbidden to maintain and air force • Required to conduct war crimes proceedings • Prohibited from importing or manufacturing war materials

  7. June 28, 1919 • Treaty signed by all parties present • Five year anniversary of the assassination of the Arch-Duke Franz Ferdinand

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