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U.S. Satellite-Based Navigation Systems

WAAS (SBAS): Commissioned for Aviation Use in 2003. LAAS (GBAS): Currently in Development, Initial Certification ~ 2008. U.S. Satellite-Based Navigation Systems. Basic GPS: Approved for Aviation Use in 1992. Wide Area Augmentation System (WAAS). WAAS Architecture. 29 Operational

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U.S. Satellite-Based Navigation Systems

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  1. WAAS (SBAS): Commissioned for Aviation Use in 2003 LAAS (GBAS): Currently in Development, Initial Certification ~ 2008 U.S. Satellite-Based Navigation Systems Basic GPS: Approved for Aviation Use in 1992

  2. Wide Area Augmentation System (WAAS)

  3. WAAS Architecture 29 Operational Reference Stations 9 International Sites Not Yet Operational 3 Master Stations 4 Signal Generator System/ Ground Earth Stations 2 Geostationary Satellite with Uplinks 2 Operational Control Centers

  4. GEO Transition AOR/W 142°W POR 178°E PanAmSat 133°W Telesat 107°W AOR/W 54°W • Former Constellation – AOR/W and POR • February 2006 – AOR/W Moved From 54° to 142° • November 2006 – PanAmSat Became Operational • April 2007 – Telesat Becomes Operational

  5. Future GEOs PanAmSat 133°W Telesat 107°W • Future Constellation – PanAmSat andTelesat

  6. WAAS Service CoverageSnapshots January 3, 2007

  7. WAAS Service CoverageLPV and LNAV/VNAV Service Contours November 1, 2006 January 3, 2007

  8. WAAS Service CoverageNPA Service Contour January 3, 2007

  9. Airports with WAAS (LPV) Procedures Adding 300 more each year 646 Approaches* * As of December 21, 2006

  10. WAAS Channel Number WAAS andRNAV Approach Charts WAAS Approach ID W=WAAS 24=Runway 24 A=1st WAAS Approach To Rwy 24 NOT FOR NAVIGATION Temperature Restriction Does Not Apply to WAAS Equipment LPV Minimum Line

  11. WAAS Approach Procedures Procedure Production: • 300 new LPVs each year (FAA Flight Plan Goal) Existing Procedures*: • 2,891 GPS NPA • 1,046 LNAV/VNAV • 646 LPVs * As of December 21, 2006

  12. WAAS Avionics • Avionics • Garmin GNS-480/CNX-80 – Available Now • Estimated 4,000 units sold (as of late 2006) • Garmin 400/500 Series Upgrade – Available January 2007 • Of the 70,000 units sold, roughly 18,000 have pre-paid for the upgrade (as of late 2006) • Rockwell Collins unit supporting high-end FMS users (initial delivery to FAA for approval) - Expected March 2008 • Rockwell Collins WAAS LPV Upgrade for Challenger 604 (FAA flight inspection aircraft) - Scheduled for August 2007 • Chelton, CMC, Universal, and Thales – Expected availability 2007/2008

  13. Preparing Airports for WAAS • WAAS Provides a Space-Based ILS-like Approach • No ground navigation hardware required • WAAS uses the same ILS obstacle evaluation area and procedure criteria * • Airport Infrastructure Needed • Paved runways over 3200 ft. long by 60 ft. wide • Non-precision runway markings (or better) • Runway safety zone • Airport Infrastructure Recommended to Obtain the lowest possible minima • Parallel taxiway (reduces decision height, but not mandatory) • Medium Intensity Runway Lights (reduces visibility and provides for night operations) • Steps To Prepare Airport • Review information on getting an instrument approach at: http://avn.faa.gov/index.asp?xml=ifp/index • Contact Airport District Office to determine Infrastructure requirements/improvements • Determine if required level of airport survey exists, is scheduled, or will be acquired. * The same terrain issues that can prevent an ILS approach also pertain to LPVs.

  14. Local Area Augmentation System(LAAS)

  15. LAAS Benefits • Precision Approach Service - CAT I/II/III • One LAAS Serves All Runway Ends • Potential for Reduced Facility Costs • Guided Missed Approaches • Provides Guidance for Complex Approaches • Siting Flexibility allows service where ILS Can’t be installed • May eliminate some ILS Critical Areas • Tighter Spacing Due to More Accurate Navigation • Parallel Simultaneous Instrument Approach Procedures

  16. 70,000 square mile service volume could include other nearby airports 30156 21340 25016 38254 49502 Omni-directional VDB Radiates out to 150 miles (line of site) Similar set of reciprocal way-points can define missed-approach, go-around procedures, SIDs and STARs GPS RX VHF TX Control codes select VHF frequency and approach listing blocks of way-points Pilot selects one of several “approved” approaches LAAS VDB transmission include • Differential GPS corrections • Final approach segment (FAS) • Way-point data listing blocks • Ground station and approach ID Multiple Approach Capability of LAAS Angled Approach Straight Approach Sectored Approach Parallel Approach Curved Approach

  17. What Is the Status of LAAS? • In Research and Development • Initial CAT I Capability Scheduled for 2008 • LAAS Ground System Prototype Being Tested in Memphis • Avionics Already Available on Boeing & Airbus Aircraft • Boeing 737 new generation aircraft equipped with Multi Mode Receiver (MMR) Terminal Area • Procedures Being Developed and Flight Tested at FAA Technical Center • Flight Tests Completed in Memphis in September 2006 Using FedEx Aircraft • Prototype LAAS procedures (ILS overlays) developed for Memphis (MEM)

  18. LAAS/GBAS International Efforts Rio de Janeiro, Brazil Malaga, Spain Frankfurt, Germany Sydney, Australia

  19. Summary GPS Available Now! WAAS (SBAS) Available Now! LAAS (GBAS) Scheduled for 2008

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