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Tianni Ivey A4. Canada’s Road to Nationhood. Background. Established in 1867 Founding father(s) unknown Because of 3 Conferences of Confederation . Before the Confederation. Britain and France in North America France gives land to Britain after war (1763)
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Tianni Ivey A4 Canada’s Road to Nationhood
Background • Established in 1867 • Founding father(s) unknown • Because of 3 Conferences of Confederation
Before the Confederation • Britain and France in North America • France gives land to Britain after war (1763) • Britain lost its land after American Revolution • Left over land would later become “Canada”
Political Issues • Language disputes in the Province of Canada • Representation in government • How should the government be run?
Military Issues • Relations between Britain and America after Revolution • Britain feared America would attack the colonies • Encouraged forming one country
Creating the Confederation • Preceded by 3 conferences • Charlottetown Conference • Quebec Conference • London Conference • Confederation in 1867
Charlottetown Conference • September 1864 • Form Maritime colonies • New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, Prince Edward Is.
Quebec Conference • October 1864 • How would this new country be run? • “Quebec Resolutions”
London Conference • December 1866 • Final agreements • “British North America Act” • New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, Province of Canada
The Official Confederation • July 1, 1867 • Country of 4 provinces • Other provinces and territories added later
Commonwealth Concept • Association of Britain and its former colonies • Peace, equality and economic development • 1949 – India and its split • Canada was the largest and strongest
Commonwealth Concept (cont.) • Dominions • Autonomous but with a voice • Mozambique (1995)
Suffrage • Women’s movement – 1878 • Emily Stowe = Susan B. Anthony • Ontario – 1884 (widows and spinsters) • Nova Scotia – property-owning • Canadian Senate – 1929
Language Conflict • Francophone and Anglophones • Coexisted peacefully • Underrepresentation of French Canadians
Language and Religion • Civil Law (and Catholicism) – French • Common Law (and Protestantism) – English • Would not send their children to schools
Ethnic Corners • Population separates • Ethnic corners form • Montreal and Quebec
Sources • www.collectionscanada.gc.ca/confederation/kids/index-e.html • http://europeanhistory.about.com/od/ukandireland/a/commonwealth.htm • Faculty.marianopolis.edu/c.belanger/quebechistroy/encyclopedia/Canada-WomensVote-WomenSuffrage.htm • www.slmc.uottawa.ca/?q=early_conflict_lower • http://www.canadiana.ca/citm/specifique/lois_e.html