COP-16 / CMP-6 Cancun, December 9 th , 2010

1. Second National Communication of Brazil to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change COP-16 / CMP-6 Cancun, December 9th, 2010

2. UN Framework Convention on Climate Change Commitment of all Parties to the Convention • “Develop, periodicallyupdate, publishandmakeavailable to theConferenceofthePartiesnationalinventoriesofanthropogenicemissionsby sources andremovalsbysinksofallgreenhouse gases notcontrolledbythe Montreal Protocol, usingcomparablemethodologies” • Article 4.1(a)

3. UN Framework Convention on Climate Change Non-Annex 1 Countries Developing countries • Periodical inventories as part of their National Communications to the Convention 1st Inventory in 2004, covering 1990-1994 2nd Inventory in 2010, covering 1990-2005 Annex 1 Countries Industrialized countries Annual Inventories latest available year: 2008

4. Steps taken or envisaged in the country Measures related to climate change mitigation Measures to facilitate adequate adaptation to climate change Other information considered relevant to the achievement of the objective of the Convention: Transfer of technologies Research and systematic observation Education, training and public awareness National and regional capacity building Information and networking Second National Communication

5. Greenhouse Gases: Inventory Guidelines:Gases Carbon Dioxide CO2 Methane CH4 N2O Nitrous Oxide Hydrofluorocarbons HFCs Perfluorocarbons PFCs Sulphur Hexafluoride SF6 Indirect Greenhouse Gases CO NOX NMVOCs

6. Inventory Guidelines:Sectors CO2 CO2 CH4 N2O CO2 CH4 CO2 PFCs CO2 CH4 HFCs SF6

7. Inventory Guidelines:Sectors CH4 CO2 CH4 N2O CH4 N2O CO2 CH4 CO2 CH4 N2O N2O

8. Inventory Guidelines:Sectors CH4 N2O CH4

9. Guidelines for Inventories: Principles • Comparability (common methods) • Consistency (time series) • Completeness (all gases and sectors) • Transparency (methods and data) • Accuracy • Quality Control / Quality Assurance

10. Contribution from: 600 Institutions 1,200 Experts Sectoral Coordinating Entities General Coordination: CGMC/MCT Quality Control and Quality Assurance Procedures Verification of adequacy of the methodology Transparent background reports Review by experts not involved in inventory development Public consultation through MCT's website (Apr-Sep 2010) The National Inventory:Organization

11. The National Inventory:Coordinating Institutions Energy E&E and MME EMBRAPA Agriculture Land Use FUNCATE / INPE Waste CETESB ABIQUIM, ABAL SNIC, IABr, etc. Industrial processes ANEEL (SF6)

12. Biomes and Satellite Imaging Coverage Land Use 429 images

13. Interpretation for each year: 429 satellite images 198 images for the Amazon 118 images for the Cerrado Classes identified: Forests (Primary, Planted, Secondary) Grassland (pastures) Agricultural areas Wetlands (rivers, lakes and reservoirs) Settlements Other Land Use Interpretation

14. Number of polygons identified Total: 7,581,333 polygons Amazon: 4,309,538 polygons 3,959,837 polygons under 25 ha Cerrado: 1,119,600 polygons 776,801 polygons under 25 ha Other biomes: 2,152,695 polygons 1,712,695 polygons under 25 ha Land Use Interpretation

15. For every polygon: Carbon stock in biomass Forest function of biome, vegetation profile and location Agriculture function of culture (information provided by IBGE) and management Soil Carbon Gain or loss depending on transition Land Use Interpretation

16. 2nd Brazilian Inventory of Anthropogenic Emissions by Sources and Removals by Sinks of Greenhouse Gases not Controlled by the Montreal Protocol

17. 2nd Brazilian Inventory of Anthropogenic Emissions by Sources and Removals by Sinks of Greenhouse Gases not Controlled by the Montreal Protocol

18. Profile of Brazilian Emissions 2º Inventário Brasileiro de Emissões e Remoções Antrópicas de Gases de Efeito Estufa – Dados Preliminares (Nov 2009)

19. Emissions in CO2e using different metrics • Brazil presents its emissions and removals in mass units of each gas in a transparent manner • The presentation of total net emissions in CO2e depends on the choice of conversion metric • The usual metric (GWP-100) does not correctly represents the contribution to climate change of the different gases as it overestimates the contribution of long-lived gases, like methane • Brazil included in its Second National Communication the results using both the GWP-100 and GTP-100 showing the difference between the results

20. Net emissions in 2005using different metrics for CO2 equivalence Brazilian greenhouse gas emissions in 2005, in CO2 equivalents

21. Net emissions in CO2e with different metricsShare by sector

22. Net emissions in CO2e using different metricsShare by gas

23. Net Emissions in CO 2 eq 3 2 .5 2 Land Use and Forestry 1. . 5 Agriculture and Livestock Gt Industrial Processes 1 Waste Treatment Energy 0. . 5 0 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 GHG emissions - evolution Net emissions, in CO2e 2.192 Gt CO2 eq Gt

24. Lowest rate since inception of PRODES Not part of the 2nd National Communication Projection for GHG emissions in 2009

25. Not part of the 2nd National Communication Net emissions, in CO2e – projection for 2006-2009 Decrease 0.9 Gt (33.6%)

26. Voluntary commitment of Brasil-reduction of ~ 1 Gt CO2eq (~ 37 %) Not part of the 2nd National Communication Compromisso do Brasil na COP 15 BAU Scenario 2,7 Gt

27. www.mct.gov.br/clima Other languages

28. Thank you!Muito obrigado!¡Muchas gracias!