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Goal: To form ‘Fat’ Bubbles

Inflating Fat Bubbles in Clusters of Galaxies by Slow Wide Jets Assaf Sternberg (did the work) Noam Soker (speaker today) Technion, Israel July 2008. Goal: To form ‘Fat’ Bubbles. PERSEUS IN VISIBLE AND X-RAY. From Fabian and collaborators. Rayleigh-Taylor instability.

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Goal: To form ‘Fat’ Bubbles

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  1. Inflating Fat Bubbles in Clusters of Galaxies by Slow Wide JetsAssaf Sternberg(did the work) Noam Soker (speaker today)Technion, Israel July 2008

  2. Goal: To form ‘Fat’ Bubbles PERSEUS IN VISIBLE AND X-RAY

  3. From Fabian and collaborators Rayleigh-Taylor instability Old bubble Young bubbles

  4. More ‘Fat’ Bubbles Cluster Planetary nebula Planetary nebula Cluster

  5. From planetary nebulae we learn that there is no need for relativistic effects or strong magnetic fields NGC 3587Guerrero et al. He 2-116. From Gorny et al. NGC 2818 He 2-37. NGC 3195

  6. High Density Low Density Initial Setting ICM in hydrostatic equilibrium Wide Jet or Precessing Jet

  7. After 2.5 Myr RESULTS: (1) Fat Bubbles(Assaf Sternberg PhD thesis)The jet: Forward shock (ICM is shocked) Temperature Density After 5 Myr After 5 Myr Contact discontinuity Reverse shock (jet is shocked) Forward shock (ICM is shocked)

  8. RESULTS: (2a) Buoyant Bubbles Note 1: ICM Backflow Note 2: Vortex Evolution with gravityincluded.Here the density and velocity maps when the jet is shut off after10Myr activity. Note 3: a dense shell with momentum During the inflation phase the bubble is stable (Pizzolato & Soker 2006)

  9. Evolution of a bubble inserted by hand RESULTS (2b) Evolution(Sternberg& Soker,MNRASLetter,in press) Full evolution of ajet-inflated bubble After 15 Myr After 15 Myr Jet-inflated bubble Artificial Bubble A weak shock Momentum of shell leads to faster motion Note 4: mixing of hot gas with the ICM After 30 Myr After 30 Myr Note 5: no instabilities Instabilities

  10. Ripples in Perseus (Fabian et al.)

  11. RESULTS: (3) Sound Waves: Wide jets Jets were active from to A weak shock Note 6: Complicated and changing bubbles’ shape Density Note 7: Several sound waves

  12. RESULTS:(3) Sound Waves:Precessing jets A weak shock:Mach=1.3 Jet was active at all times, starting at t=0. Density Note 7: Several sound waves

  13. SUMMARY A realistic jet-inflation process shows that: 1) Vortices can stabilize the bubble. 2) The expanding shell around the bubble stabilizes it. 3) An efficient mixing between bubbles and the ICM. 4) One inflation episode excites several sound waves. • Slow massive jets can account for: • Recycling of gas that cools from the ICM. • (2) Formation of fat bubbles close to the center. • (3) Allowing the bubble to rise to large distances. • (4) Efficient energy transfer form bubbles to the ICM.

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